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Genetic and pathogenic diversity analysis of Burkholderia glumae strains from Indian hot spot regions causing bacterial panicle blight of rice (Oryza sativa L.)

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Abstract

Bacterial panicle blight (BPB) of rice (Oryza sativa) caused by Burkholderia glumae (BG) is an emerging disease of rice that substantially limits rice productivity. It has become a major concern in basmati-growing regions of North-western India. In the present study, 10 BG strains were studied for genetic and pathogenic diversity. The colonies were non-spore forming, rod shaped with rounded ends; looked gray, yellow, and brisk yellow on PSA, King’s B, and SPG agar plate, respectively. Rep-PCR DNA fingerprint analysis exhibited different phyletic grouping, viz., five in BOX-PCR, two in ERIC-PCR, and one in rep-PCR. The phyletic group 1 of BOX PCR consisted of three isolates BG1, BG2, and BG3 and phyletic group 2 had three isolates, viz., BG4, BG8, and BG10, from the same agroclimatic condition along with high similarity matrix. The first phyletic group of ERIC PCR exhibited two isolates BG1 and BG10 from Uttar Pradesh (UP); however, grouping of isolates irrespective of agroclimatic condition was observed in phyletic group 2. The strains BG5 and BG6 (Delhi) that grouped together in phyletic group 3 in the BOX analysis also grouped together in the ERIC analysis. The BOX-PCR formed greater number of phyletics as well as amplicons and the difference in Jaccard’s similarity matrix was more than ERIC- and rep-PCR. The phylogenetic analysis of gyrB gene showed simultaneous grouping of eight isolates from UP in one clade and two isolates from Delhi in another clade. Based on pathogenicity assays, strains varied in their ability to produce variable disease scores when artificially inoculated onto the susceptible rice plants. The strains BG1 and BG3 were highly virulent while strains BG7 and BG10 were of least virulent types. Altogether, the present study brings an overview on the variability of BG strains from India and this detailed insight would help the breeders for disease-resistance screening.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the Plant Bacteriology laboratory, Division of Plant Pathology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi for providing all the necessary infrastructure and materials so that the study could be conducted. No external financial assistance was provided for the study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR–Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India

    Sanjeev Kumar, Kalyan K. Mondal, Thungri Ghoshal, B. Sreenayana, M. Amrutha Lakshmi, S. Mrutyunjaya, E. R. Rashmi, N. S. Kalaivanan & Chandra Mani

  2. Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Extension Center, Weslaco, TX, USA

    Aditya Kulshreshtha

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Contributions

KKM: conceptualized the research, supervised, analyzed the data, and edited the manuscript. SK, ALM: associated with data analysis, writing of draft manuscript. AK: primer designing. SK: performed research activities including BG isolation and virulence assay. AK, SB, ALM, MS, RER, KNS, SK: amplification of BOX, ERIC, and REP primers. CM, TG, AK: maintained the BG strains, helped in raising the rice crops and in inoculation.

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Correspondence to Kalyan K. Mondal.

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Kumar, S., Mondal, K.K., Ghoshal, T. et al. Genetic and pathogenic diversity analysis of Burkholderia glumae strains from Indian hot spot regions causing bacterial panicle blight of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Trop. plant pathol. 48, 139–153 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40858-023-00554-z

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