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Post-annealing tailored 3D cross-linked TiNb2O7 nanorod electrode: towards superior lithium storage for flexible lithium-ion capacitors

退火调控的3D交联TiNb2O7纳米棒电极用于高效柔性锂离子电容器

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Abstract

TiNb2O7 anode materials (TNO) have unique potential for applications in Li-ion capacitors (LICs) due to their high specific capacity of ca. 280 mA h g−1 over a wide anodic Li-insertion potential window. However, their high-rate capability is limited by their poor electronic and ionic conductivity. In particular, studies on TNO for LICs are lacking and that for flexible LICs have not yet been reported. Herein, a unique TNO porous electrode with cross-linked nanorods tailored by post-annealing and its application in flexible LICs are reported. This binder-free TNO anode exhibits superior rate performance (~66.3% capacity retention as the rate increases from 1 to 40 C), which is ascribed to the greatly shortened ion-diffusion length in TNO nanorods, facile electrolyte penetration and fast electron transport along the continuous single-crystalline nanorod network. Furthermore, the TNO anode shows an excellent cycling stability up to 2000 cycles and good flexibility (no capacity loss after continuous bending for 500 times). Model flexible LIC assembled with the TNO anode and activated carbon cathode exhibits increased gravimetric and volumetric energy/power densities (~100.6 W h kg−1/4108.8 W kg−1; 10.7 mW h cm−3/ 419.3 mW cm−3), more superior to previously reported hybrid supercapacitors. The device also efficiently powers an LED light upon 180° bending.

摘要

TiNb2O7的理论比容量高达280 mA h g−1是一类有前景的锂离子电容器负极材料. 然而其较差的电子导电性严重限制了其倍率性能的提升. 在本文中, 我们在柔性碳布表面直接生长3D交联的TiNb2O7纳米棒多孔负极, 并将其首次应用于柔性锂离子电容器;碳布的高导电性, 单晶纳米棒结构较短的离子/电子传输路径以及良好的结构稳定性, 有效提高了材料的倍率性能和循环稳定性. 研究表明, TiNb2O7负极表现出优异的倍率性能(从1到40 C, 容量保持率高达66.3%), 出色的循环稳定性(>2000圈), 以及良好的柔韧性(连续弯曲500次后容量无损失). 此外, 将无粘结剂的TiNb2O7负极和商用活性炭正极搭配成锂离子电容器, 展现出了较高的质量和体积能量/功率密度(~100.6 W h kg−1/4108.8 W kg−1; 10.7 mW h cm−3/419.3 mW cm−3),优于先前报道的混合超级电容器, 同时该器件可以在180°弯曲状态下为LED灯供电.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51672205, 21673169 and 51972257), the National Key R&D Program of China (2016YFA0202602), and the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (2018CFB581).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China

    Bohua Deng  (邓伯华), Haoyang Dong  (董浩洋), Tianyu Lei  (雷田雨), Ning Yue  (岳宁), Liang Xiao  (肖亮) & Jinping Liu  (刘金平)

  2. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China

    Jinping Liu  (刘金平)

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  1. Bohua Deng  (邓伯华)
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Contributions

Author contributions Dong H and Lei T performed the experiments; Deng B wrote the paper with support from Liu J, Xiao L and Yue N. All authors contributed to the general discussion.

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Correspondence to Jinping Liu  (刘金平).

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Supplementary information Supporting data are available in the online version of the paper.

Jinping Liu received his PhD degree from Central China Normal University (CCNU) in June 2009. During 2008–2011, he did visiting and post-doctoral research at Nanyang Technological University (NTU) in Singapore. He is currently Chair Professor at Wuhan University of Technology. The research interests in Dr. Liu’s group include the synthesis of nanostructures and their electrochemical applications (batteries, super-capacitors and electrocatalysis).

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Post-annealing tailored 3D cross-linked TiNb2O7 nanorod electrode: towards superior lithium storage for flexible lithium-ion capacitors

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Deng, B., Dong, H., Lei, T. et al. Post-annealing tailored 3D cross-linked TiNb2O7 nanorod electrode: towards superior lithium storage for flexible lithium-ion capacitors. Sci. China Mater. 63, 492–504 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-019-1225-1

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