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Energy Regeneration and Reuse of Excavator Swing System with Hydraulic Accumulator

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Abstract

In order to solve the environmental pollution and the depletion of petroleum energy, construction machine with high efficiency needs to be urgently developed. In this paper we propose a new energy regenerative swing system with a hydraulic accumulator, variable hydraulic motor and proportional flow control valve for realizing highly energy efficient construction machine. Furthermore, we proposed a novel control algorithm for the reduction of vibration of upper frame of excavator as well as high energy regeneration and reuse. A test bench was fabricated, and experiments have been conducted. From the experimental results, it was verified that the mean energy regeneration efficiency and energy saving efficiency were 33.4 and 9.2% and the vibration of upper plate of excavator can be assumed to be reduced by experimental results.

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Abbreviations

J :

Moment of inertia of the flywheel

ω :

The speed of the flywheel

T f :

Torque of coulomb friction

T w :

Torque of wind resistance

T dec :

Deceleration torque of the hydraulic motor

p out :

Pressure of the output side of the hydraulic motor

D :

Displacement of the hydraulic motor

η m :

Torque efficiency of the hydraulic motor

D max :

Maximum displacement of the hydraulic motor

α :

A variable that can be controlled

Q :

Flow rate

p in :

Pressure of the input port of the orifice

p out :

Pressure of the output port of the orifice

A :

Orifice area of the valve

C d :

Flow coefficient

ρ :

Density of the hydraulic oil

e(t) :

Error between the reference value and real speed of the flywheel

de(t) :

Time derivation of error

u m(t) :

Control signal of the displacement of the hydraulic motor

K p :

Proportional gain of PID controller of the hydraulic motor

K i :

Integral gain of PID controller of the hydraulic motor

K d :

Derivative gain of PID controller of the hydraulic motor

Gkp,Gki and Gkd :

Gains of output of fuzzy PID controller

uv(t):

Control signal of the FCV

K pv :

Proportional gain of the PID controller of the FCV

K iv :

Integral gain of the PID controller of the FCV

K dv :

Derivative gain of the PID controller of the FCV

γ :

Adjusting rate of adjustable PID controller

u m :

Control command of the hydraulic motor

\(\dot{\omega }_{i\_j}\) :

Required deceleration of the flywheel from time i to time j

Δti_j :

Time from time i to time j

βi and βj :

Joystick signals at time i and j

ω i :

Speed of the flywheel at time i

E reg :

Regenerated energy

Q acc :

Flow rate and of accumulator

p acc :

Pressure of accumulator

p g :

Pressure of the gas in accumulator

V g :

Volume of the gas in accumulator

n:

Adiabatic exponent

E FW :

Kinetic energy of the flywheel

η reg :

Energy regeneration efficiency

CE :

Change of error

SSCE :

Sum of squared CE

E in :

Energy consumption of the electric motor

E c :

Energy consumption of the conventional system

E e :

Estimated energy consumption of the proposed system

E da :

Energy difference of accumulator between beginning of experiment and the end of the experiment

E con :

Energy consumption of the conventional system

E pro :

Energy consumption of the proposed system

η save :

Energy saving efficiency

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2017R1A2B3004625) and supported by the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning (KETEP) Grant Funded by the Korea Government Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy (G032070311).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, University of Ulsan, Daehakro 93, Nam-gu, Ulsan, 44610, Korea

    Ying-Xiao Yu

  2. School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ulsan, Daehakro 93, Nam-gu, Ulsan, 44610, Korea

    Kyoung Kwan Ahn

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Correspondence to Kyoung Kwan Ahn.

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Yu, YX., Ahn, K.K. Energy Regeneration and Reuse of Excavator Swing System with Hydraulic Accumulator. Int. J. of Precis. Eng. and Manuf.-Green Tech. 7, 859–873 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40684-019-00157-7

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