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Trauma, Family Factors and the Mental Health of Homeless Adolescents

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Abstract

Family factors, such as poor family functioning and trauma, have been associated with negative outcomes for homeless adolescents. Further study is needed to better understand how family factors and trauma jointly relate to mental health problems and externalizing behaviors among homeless adolescents. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the influence of trauma (encompassing traumatic events experienced prior to, and after, becoming homeless) and family factors (poor family functioning and family conflict) on mental health problems and externalizing behaviors (substance use, delinquent behaviors, and sexual risk) among 201 homeless adolescents, ages 12 to 17 years. Trauma, poor family functioning, and family conflict significantly predicted greater mental health problems, delinquent behaviors, high-risk sexual behaviors and substance use. Overall, the findings suggest that family factors appear to be key to understanding mental health problems and externalizing behaviors among homeless adolescents. Implications, limitations and future directions are addressed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Norweeta G. Milburn, Susana A. Lopez, Eraka Bath & W. Scott Comulada

  2. Department of Psychology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Judith A. Stein

  3. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, PGSP-Stanford PsyD Consortium, Palo Alto, CA, USA

    Amanda M. Hilberg

  4. Department of Psychology, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA

    Anna Veprinsky

  5. Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA

    Elizabeth Mayfield Arnold

  6. Department of Public Policy, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Katherine A. Desmond

  7. School of Nursing, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Katie Branson

  8. School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Alex Lee

  9. College of Science and Health, Charles R. Drew University, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Bita Amani

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  1. Norweeta G. Milburn
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  2. Judith A. Stein
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  3. Susana A. Lopez
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Correspondence to Norweeta G. Milburn.

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Milburn, N.G., Stein, J.A., Lopez, S.A. et al. Trauma, Family Factors and the Mental Health of Homeless Adolescents. Journ Child Adol Trauma 12, 37–47 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40653-017-0157-9

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