Skip to main content
Log in

Measurable multiresolution systems, endomorphisms, and representations of Cuntz relations

  • Regular Paper
  • Published:
Quantum Studies: Mathematics and Foundations Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to present new classes of function systems as part of multiresolution analyses. Our approach is representation theoretic, and it makes use of generalized multiresolution function systems (MRSs). It further entails new ideas from measurable endomorphisms dynamics. Our results yield applications that are not amenable to more traditional techniques used on metric spaces. As the main tool in our approach, we make precise new classes of generalized MRSs which arise directly from a dynamical theory approach to the study of surjective endomorphisms on measure spaces. In particular, we give the necessary and sufficient conditions for a family of functions to define generators of Cuntz relations. We find an explicit description of the set of generalized wavelet filters. Our results are motivated in part by analyses of sub-band filters in signal/image processing. But our paper goes further, and it applies to such wider contexts as measurable dynamical systems and complex dynamics. A unifying theme in our results is a new analysis of endomorphisms in general measure space, and its connection to multi-resolutions, to representation theory, and generalized wavelet systems.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

This paper does not contain Data.

Notes

  1. In this section, we will consider real-valued functions for definiteness; the case of complex-valued functions can be done similarly.

References

  1. Alpay, D., Colombo, F., Sabadini, I., Schneider, B.: Beurling–Lax type theorems and Cuntz relations. Linear Algebra Appl. 633, 152–212 (2022)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  2. Alpay, D., Jorgensen, P., Lewkowicz, I.: Characterizations of families of rectangular, finite impulse response, para-unitary systems. J. Appl. Math. Comput. 54(1–2), 395–423 (2017)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  3. Alpay, D., Jorgensen, P., Lewkowicz, I.: \(W\)-Markov measures, transfer operators, wavelets and multiresolutions. In: Frames and harmonic analysis, Contemp. Math., vol. 706, pp. 293–343. Amer. Math. Soc., Providence (2018)

  4. Alpay, D., Jorgensen, P., Lewkowicz, I.: Representation theory and multilevel filters. J. Appl. Math. Comput. 69(2), 1599–1657 (2023)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  5. Andrianov, P.A.: Multidimensional periodic discrete wavelets. Int. J. Wavelets Multiresolut. Inf. Process. 20(2), 2150053 (2022)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  6. Baggett, L.W., Larsen, N.S., Packer, J.A., Raeburn, I., Ramsay, A.: Direct limits, multiresolution analyses, and wavelets. J. Funct. Anal. 258(8), 2714–2738 (2010)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  7. Baggett, L.W., Merrill, K.D., Packer, J.A., Ramsay, A.B.: Probability measures on solenoids corresponding to fractal wavelets. Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 364(5), 2723–2748 (2012)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  8. Bénéteau, C.: A natural extension of a nonsingular endomorphism of a measure space. Rocky Mt. J. Math. 26(4), 1261–1273 (1996)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  9. Bezuglyi, S., Jorgensen, P.E.T.: Representations of Cuntz–Krieger relations, dynamics on Bratteli diagrams, and path-space measures. In: Trends in Harmonic Analysis and Its Applications, Contemp. Math., vol. 650, pp. 57–88. Amer. Math. Soc., Providence (2015)

  10. Bezuglyi, S., Jorgensen, P.E.T.: Transfer operators, endomorphisms, and measurable partitions, Lecture Notes in Mathematics, vol. 2217. Springer, Cham (2018)

  11. Bhat, M.Y., Dar, A.H.: Fractional vector-valued nonuniform MRA and associated wavelet packets on \(L^2 (\mathbb{R},\mathbb{C} ^M)\). Fract. Calc. Appl. Anal. 25(2), 687–719 (2022)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  12. Bogachev, V.I.: Measure Theory, vols. I. II. Springer, Berlin (2007)

  13. Bratteli, O., Jorgensen, P.E.T.: Endomorphisms of \({\cal{B} }({\cal{H} })\). II. Finitely correlated states on \({\cal{O} }_n\). J. Funct. Anal. 145(2), 323–373 (1997)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  14. Bratteli, O., Jorgensen, P.E.T.: A connection between multiresolution wavelet theory of scale \(N\) and representations of the Cuntz algebra \(\cal{O}_N\). In: Operator Algebras and Quantum Field Theory (Rome, 1996), pp. 151–163. Int. Press, Cambridge (1997)

  15. Bratteli, O., Jorgensen, P.E.T.: Isometries, shifts, Cuntz algebras and multiresolution wavelet analysis of scale \(N\). Integr. Equ. Oper. Theory 28(4), 382–443 (1997)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  16. Bratteli, O., Jorgensen, P.E.T.: Iterated function systems and permutation representations of the Cuntz algebra. Mem. Am. Math. Soc. 139(663), x+89 (1999)

  17. Bruin, H., Hawkins, J.: Rigidity of smooth one-sided Bernoulli endomorphisms. N. Y. J. Math. 15, 451–483 (2009)

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  18. Bruin, H.: Topological and ergodic theory of symbolic dynamics, Graduate Studies in Mathematics, vol. 228. American Mathematical Society, Providence (2022)

  19. Christoffersen, N.J., Dutkay, D.E.: Representations of Cuntz algebras associated to random walks on graphs. J. Oper. Theory 88(1), 139–170 (2022)

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  20. Cornfeld, I.P., Fomin, S.V., Sinaĭ, Y.G.: Ergodic theory, Grundlehren der Mathematischen Wissenschaften [Fundamental Principles of Mathematical Sciences], vol. 245. Springer, New York (1982). Translated from the Russian by A. B. Sosinskiĭ

  21. Cuntz, J.: Simple \(C^*\)-algebras generated by isometries. Commun. Math. Phys. 57(2), 173–185 (1977)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  22. Dajani, K.G., Hawkins, J.M.: Examples of natural extensions of nonsingular endomorphisms. Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 120(4), 1211–1217 (1994)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  23. Dougherty, R., Jackson, S., Kechris, A.S.: The structure of hyperfinite Borel equivalence relations. Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 341(1), 193–225 (1994)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  24. Dutkay, D.E., Jorgensen, P.E.T.: Hilbert spaces built on a similarity and on dynamical renormalization. J. Math. Phys. 47(5), 053504 (2006)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  25. Dutkay, D.E., Jorgensen, P.E.T.: Martingales, endomorphisms, and covariant systems of operators in Hilbert space. J. Oper. Theory 58(2), 269–310 (2007)

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  26. Dutkay, D.E., Jorgensen, P.E.T.: Monic representations of the Cuntz algebra and Markov measures. J. Funct. Anal. 267(4), 1011–1034 (2014)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  27. Dutkay, D.E., Jorgensen, P.E.T.: The role of transfer operators and shifts in the study of fractals: encoding-models, analysis and geometry, commutative and non-commutative. In: Geometry and Analysis of Fractals, Springer Proc. Math. Stat., vol. 88, pp. 65–95. Springer, Heidelberg (2014)

  28. Dutkay, D.E., Jorgensen, P.E.T.: Representations of Cuntz algebras associated to quasi-stationary Markov measures. Ergod. Theory Dyn. Syst. 35(7), 2080–2093 (2015)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  29. Dutkay, D.E., Jorgensen, P.E.T., Silvestrov, S.: Decomposition of wavelet representations and Martin boundaries. J. Funct. Anal. 262(3), 1043–1061 (2012)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  30. Eisner, T., Farkas, B., Haase, M., Nagel, R.: Operator theoretic aspects of ergodic theory. Graduate Texts in Mathematics, vol. 272. Springer, Cham (2015)

  31. Fabec, R.C.: Induced group actions, representations and fibered skew product extensions. Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 301(2), 489–513 (1987)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  32. Fabec, R.C.: Fundamentals of infinite dimensional representation theory. Chapman & Hall/CRC Monographs and Surveys in Pure and Applied Mathematics, vol. 114. Chapman & Hall/CRC, Boca Raton (2000)

  33. Feng, D.-J., Simon, K.: Dimension estimates for \(C^1\) iterated function systems and repellers. Part II. Ergod. Theory Dyn. Syst. 42(11), 3357–3392 (2022)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Hawkins, J.M.: Amenable relations for endomorphisms. Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 343(1), 169–191 (1994)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  35. Hawkins, J.: Ergodic dynamics—from basic theory to applications, Graduate Texts in Mathematics, vol. 289. Springer, Cham (2021)

  36. Hawkins, J.M., Silva, C.E.: Noninvertible transformations admitting no absolutely continuous \(\sigma \)-finite invariant measure. Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 111(2), 455–463 (1991)

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  37. Jorgensen, P.E.T., Kornelson, K., Shuman, K.: Harmonic analysis of iterated function systems with overlap. J. Math. Phys. 48(8), 083511 (2007)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  38. Jorgensen, P.E.T., Kornelson, K.A., Shuman, K.L.: Iterated function systems, moments, and transformations of infinite matrices. Mem. Am. Math. Soc. 213(1003), x+105 (2011)

  39. Jorgensen, P.E.T.: A duality for endomorphisms of von Neumann algebras. J. Math. Phys. 37(3), 1521–1538 (1996)

    Article  ADS  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  40. Jorgensen, P.E.T.: Ruelle operators: functions which are harmonic with respect to a transfer operator. Mem. Am. Math. Soc. 152(720), viii+60 (2001)

  41. Jorgensen, P.E.T.: Analysis and probability: wavelets, signals, fractals, Graduate Texts in Mathematics, vol. 234. Springer, New York (2006)

  42. Jorgensen, P.E.T.: Harmonic analysis, CBMS Regional Conference Series in Mathematics, vol. 128. American Mathematical Society, Providence (2018). Smooth and non-smooth, Published for the Conference Board of the Mathematical Sciences

  43. Jorgensen, P.E.T., Paolucci, A.M.: States on the Cuntz algebras and \(p\)-adic random walks. J. Aust. Math. Soc. 90(2), 197–211 (2011)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  44. Jorgensen, P.E.T., Song, M.-S.: Markov chains and generalized wavelet multiresolutions. J. Anal. 26(2), 259–283 (2018)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  45. Jorgensen, P., Tian, F.: Transfer operators, induced probability spaces, and random walk models. Markov Process. Relat. Fields 23(2), 187–210 (2017)

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  46. Jorgensen, P., Tian, F.: Dynamical properties of endomorphisms, multiresolutions, similarity and orthogonality relations. Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst. Ser. S 12(8), 2307–2348 (2019)

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  47. Jorgensen, P., Tian, J.: Noncommutative boundaries arising in dynamics and representations of the Cuntz relations. Numer. Funct. Anal. Optim. 41(5), 571–620 (2020)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  48. Kechris, A.S.: Classical descriptive set theory. Graduate Texts in Mathematics, vol. 156. Springer, New York (1995)

  49. Medhi, R., Viswanathan, P.: On the code space and Hutchinson measure for countable iterated function system consisting of cyclic \(\phi \)-contractions. Chaos Solitons Fractals 167, 113011 (2023)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  50. Picklo, M.J., Ryan, J.K.: Enhanced multiresolution analysis for multidimensional data utilizing line filtering techniques. SIAM J. Sci. Comput. 44(4), A2628–A2650 (2022)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  51. Przytycki, F., Urbański, M.: Conformal fractals: ergodic theory methods. London Mathematical Society Lecture Note Series, vol. 371. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2010)

  52. Rohlin, V.A.: Selected topics from the metric theory of dynamical systems. Uspehi Matem. Nauk (N.S.) 2(30), 57–128 (1949)

  53. Rohlin, V.A.: On the fundamental ideas of measure theory. Mat. Sbornik N.S. 25(67), 107–150 (1949)

  54. Rohlin, V.A.: Exact endomorphisms of a Lebesgue space. Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR Ser. Mat. 25, 499–530 (1961)

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  55. Roychowdhury, L., Roychowdhury, M.K.: Quantization for a probability distribution generated by an infinite iterated function system. Commun. Korean Math. Soc. 37(3), 765–800 (2022)

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  56. Silva, C.E.: On \(\mu \)-recurrent nonsingular endomorphisms. Isr. J. Math. 61(1), 1–13 (1988)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  57. Simmons, D.: Conditional measures and conditional expectation; Rohlin’s disintegration theorem. Discrete Contin. Dyn. Syst. 32(7), 2565–2582 (2012)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  58. Urbański, M., Roy, M., Munday, S.: Non-invertible dynamical systems. Vol. 1. Ergodic theory—finite and infinite, thermodynamic formalism, symbolic dynamics and distance expanding maps, De Gruyter Expositions in Mathematics, vol. 69. De Gruyter, Berlin (2022)

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Palle E. T. Jorgensen.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Bezuglyi, S., Jorgensen, P.E.T. Measurable multiresolution systems, endomorphisms, and representations of Cuntz relations. Quantum Stud.: Math. Found. 11, 87–116 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40509-024-00319-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40509-024-00319-6

Keywords

Mathematics Subject Classification

Navigation