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Efficacy, Safety, and Accuracy of Intra-articular Therapies for Hand Osteoarthritis: Current Evidence

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Abstract

The lifetime risk of symptomatic hand osteoarthritis (OA) is 39.8%, with one in two women and one in four men developing the disease by age 85 years and no disease-modifying drug (DMOAD) available so far. Intra-articular (IA) therapy is one of the options commonly used for symptomatic alleviation of OA disease as it can circumvent systemic exposure and potential side effects of oral medications. The current narrative review focuses on the efficacy and safety profiles of the currently available IA agents in hand OA (thumb-base OA or interphalangeal OA) such as corticosteroids and hyaluronic acid (HA), as well as the efficacy and safety of IA investigational injectates in phase 2/3 clinical trials such as prolotherapy, platelet-rich plasma, stem cells, infliximab, interferon-? and botulinum toxin, based on the published randomized controlled trials on PubMed database. The limited published literature revealed the short-term symptomatic benefits of corticosteroids in interphalangeal OA while long-term data are lacking. Most of the short-term studies showed no significant difference between corticosteroids and hyaluronic acid in thumb-base OA, usually with a faster onset of pain relief in the corticosteroid group and a slower but greater (statistically insignificant) pain improvement in the HA group. The majority of studies in investigational agents were limited by small sample size, short-term follow-up, and presence of serious side effects. In addition, we reported higher accuracy rates of drug administrations under imaging guidance than landmark guidance (blind method), and then briefly describe challenges for the long-term efficacy and prospects of IA therapeutics.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mandalay General Hospital, University of Medicine, Mandalay, Mandalay, Myanmar

    Win Min Oo

  2. Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Royal North Shore Hospital, and Sydney Musculoskeletal Health, Kolling Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia

    Win Min Oo & David J. Hunter

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Correspondence to Win Min Oo.

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WMO has no conflict of interest. DJH provides consulting advice on scientific advisory boards for Pfizer, Lilly, TLCBio, Novartis, Tissuegene, Biobone.

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WMO and DJH contributed to study concept and design. WMO conducted the data search and drafted the first version of the manuscript. WMO and DJH critically revised the manuscript for important intellectual content.

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Oo, W.M., Hunter, D.J. Efficacy, Safety, and Accuracy of Intra-articular Therapies for Hand Osteoarthritis: Current Evidence. Drugs Aging 40, 1–20 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40266-022-00994-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40266-022-00994-3

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