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1,8 cineole protects type 2 diabetic rats against diabetic nephropathy via inducing the activity of glyoxalase-I and lowering the level of transforming growth factor-1β

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Abstract

Purpose

Diabetes leading to the production and circulation of glycation products along with the reduction of the activity of glyoxalase-I (GLO-I) contribute to diabetic nephropathy. Therefore, we studied the effect of 1,8 cineole (Cin) on the formation of diverse glycation products and the activity of GLO-I as well as renal histopathological alterations in the type-2 diabetic rat.

Methods

Type 2 diabetes was induced in rats with a combination of streptozotocin and nicotinamide (55 + 200 mg/kg). Two groups of rats, normal and diabetic, were treated intragastrically with Cin (200 mg/kg) once daily for 2 months. Fasting blood sugar, insulin resistance index, lipid profile, the activity of GLO-I, glycation products (Glycated albumin, Glycated LDL, Methylglyoxal, and advanced glycation end products), and oxidative stress (Advanced oxidation protein products, malondialdehyde, oxidized LDL, and reduced glutathione), inflammatory markers (Tumor necrosis factor-α and Transforming growth factor-1β), creatinine in the serum (Cre), and proteinuria (PU) in the urine of all rats was determined as well as renal histopathological alterations were investigated.

Results

Cin reduced biochemical (Cre and PU) and histopathological (glomerulosclerosis) indicators of renal dysfunction in the diabetic rat compared to untreated diabetic rats. Moreover, the treatment decreased different glycation, oxidative stress, and pro-inflammatory markers (p < 0.001). Further, Cin had an advantageous effect on glucose and lipid metabolism.

Conclusions

Cin ameliorated diabetic nephropathy via reduction of TGF-1β following to decrease the formation of different glycation products, oxidative stress, and inflammatory process with the induction of the activity of glyoxalase-I in type 2 diabetic rats.

Highlights

1- The effect of 1,8 cineole on histopathological and biochemical parameters in type-2 diabetic rats has been represented

2- We reported the beneficial effect of cineole on the activity of Glo-I for the first time

3- In our study for the first time the advantageous effect of cineole on early to end glycation products and oxidative stress and inflammatory markers has been shown.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to Ardabil University of medical sciences for financial support

Funding

Ardabil University of medical sciences.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran

    Sina Mahdavifard

  2. Endocrine Division, Vali-Asr Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Manochehr Nakhjavani

Authors
  1. Sina Mahdavifard
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  2. Manochehr Nakhjavani
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Contributions

1) Authors make substantial contributions to conception and design, and/or acquisition of data, and/or analysis and interpretation of data: Mahdavifard S & Nakhjavani M

2) Authors participate in drafting the article or revising it critically for important intellectual content: Mahdavifard S & Nakhjavani M

3) Author gives final approval of the version to be submitted and any revised version: Mahdavifard S

The study to be submitted, that it is an original study presenting novel work, that it has not been previously submitted to or accepted by any other journal, that is has been approved by all authors, that ethics approval and written informed consent have been obtained, and explain whether any author has a conflict of interest.

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Correspondence to Sina Mahdavifard.

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Mahdavifard, S., Nakhjavani, M. 1,8 cineole protects type 2 diabetic rats against diabetic nephropathy via inducing the activity of glyoxalase-I and lowering the level of transforming growth factor-1β. J Diabetes Metab Disord 21, 567–572 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40200-022-01014-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40200-022-01014-2

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