Abstract
In this paper, Sm-doped 0.96(K0.48Na0.52)(Nb0.95Sb0.05)–0.04Bi0.5(Na0.82K0.18)0.5ZrO3 (abbreviated as KNSN–0.04BNKZ) lead-free piezoelectric ceramics were prepared by conventional solid-state sintering method and the effects of Sm2O3 on the phase structure, microstructure, electrical and luminescent properties of KNSN–0.04BNKZ potteries were studied. Results revealed that a single solid solution phase with pseudo-cubic perovskite structure was formed between KNSN–0.04BNKZ and Sm2O3. Existence of weak dielectric/ferroelectric properties with a diffuse dielectric anomaly and slim P–E hysteresis loops of the Sm-doped KNSN–0.04BNKZ demonstrated the ferroelectric relaxor behavior of the KNNS–0.04BNKZ–xSm ceramics. Accordingly, the temperature stability and fatigue behavior of the modified ceramics were significantly improved. It was found that the KNSN–0.04BNKZ ceramics with 0.002 mol Sm addition exhibited nearly temperature independent properties and fatigue-free behavior. Moreover, Sm-modified KNSN–0.04BNKZ exhibits a bright photoluminescence with a strong orange emission under visible light irradiation. As a material with both electrical and luminescent properties, it has good application prospect in future optoelectronic components by integrating its luminescent and electrical properties.
Article PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.
References
Matsubara M, Kikuta K, Hirano S. Piezoelectric properties of (K0.5Na0.5)(Nb1–xTax)O3–K5.4CuTa10O29 ceramics. J Appl Phys 2005, 97: 114105.
Liu WF, Ren XB. Large piezoelectric effect in Pb-free ceramics. Phys Rev Lett 2009, 103: 257602.
Takenaka T, Sakata KO, Toda KO. Piezoelectric properties of (Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3-based ceramics. Ferroelectrics 1990, 106: 375–380.
Rojac T, Bencan A, Malic B, et al. BiFeO3 ceramics: Processing, electrical, and electromechanical properties. J Am Ceram Soc 2014, 97: 1993–2011.
Saito Y, Takao H, Tani T, et al. Lead-free piezoceramics. Nature 2004, 432: 84–87.
Wu JG, Xiao DQ, Zhu JG. Potassium–sodium niobate lead-free piezoelectric materials: Past, present, and future of phase boundaries. Chem Rev 2015, 115: 2559–2595.
Shrout TR, Zhang SJ. Lead-free piezoelectric ceramics: Alternatives for PZT? J Electroceram 2007, 19: 113–126.
Jeong CK, Park KI, Ryu J, et al. Nanogenerators: Large- area and flexible lead-free nanocomposite generator using alkaline niobate particles and metal nanorod filler. Adv Funct Mater 2014, 24: 2565.
Jeong CK, Park KI, Son JH, et al. Self-powered fully- flexible light-emitting system enabled by flexible energy harvester. Energ Environ Sci 2014, 7: 4035–4043.
Hao JG, Li W, Zhai JW, et al. Progress in high-strain perovskite piezoelectric ceramics. Mat Sci Eng R: Rep 2019, 135: 1–57.
Qin YL, Zhang JL, Yao WZ, et al. Domain configuration and thermal stability of (K0.48Na0.52)(Nb0.96Sb0.04)O3–Bi0.50(Na0.82K0.18)0.50ZrO3 piezoceramics with high d33 coefficient. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016, 8: 7257–7265.
Cross E. Lead-free at last. Nature 2004, 432: 24–25.
Lin JF, Xu J, Liu CW, et al. Effects of compositional changes on up-conversion photoluminescence and electrical properties of lead-free Er-doped K0.5Na0.5NbO3–SrTiO3 transparent ceramics. J Alloys Compd 2019, 784: 60–67.
Li Y, Moon K, Wong CP. Electronics without lead. Science 2005, 308: 1419–1420.
Hussain A, Rahman JU, Ahmed F, et al. Plate-like Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 particles synthesized by topochemical microcrystal conversion method. J Eur Ceram Soc 2015, 35: 919–925.
Wang J, Luo L. Probing the diffusion behavior of polymorphic phase transition in K0.5Na0.5NbO3 ferroelectric ceramics by Eu3+ photoluminescence. J Appl Phys 2018, 123: 144102.
Zhang Y, Luo L, Li K, et al. Large and reversible in-situ up-conversion photoluminescence modulation based on photochromism via electric-field and thermal stimulus in ferroelectrics. J Eur Ceram Soc 2018, 38: 3154–3161.
Yao Y, Li Y, Sun NN, et al. Enhanced dielectric and energy-storage properties in ZnO-doped 0.9(0.94Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3–0.06BaTiO3)–0.1NaNbO3 ceramics. Ceram Int 2018, 44: 5961–5966.
Shen ZY, Shen WC, Li YM, et al. Effect of (Co1/3Sb2/3) complex doping on the structure and electrical properties of 0.96(K0.49Na0.51)(Nb0.97Ta0.03)O3–0.04Bi0.5Na0.5ZrO3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 2017, 28: 137–141.
Li FL, Gou Q, Xing J, et al. The piezoelectric and dielectric properties of sodium–potassium niobate ceramics with new multiphase boundary. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 2017, 28: 18090–18098.
Wang XP, Wu JG, Xiao DQ, et al. Giant piezoelectricity in potassium–sodium niobate lead-free ceramics. J Am Chem Soc 2014, 136: 2905–2910.
Wu B, Wu HJ, Wu JG, et al. Giant piezoelectricity and high Curie temperature in nanostructured alkali niobate lead-free piezoceramics through phase coexistence. J Am Chem Soc 2016, 138: 15459–15464.
Xu K, Li J, Lv X, et al. Superior piezoelectric properties in potassium-sodium niobate lead-free ceramics. Adv Mater 2016, 28: 8519–8523.
Wu JG, Xiao DQ, Zhu JG. Potassium–sodium niobate lead-free piezoelectric materials: Past, present, and future of phase boundaries. Chem Rev 2015, 115: 2559–2595.
Fu J, Zuo R, Qi H, et al. Low electric-field driven ultrahigh electrostrains in Sb-substituted (Na, K)NbO3 lead-free ferroelectric ceramics. Appl Phys Lett 2014, 105: 242903.
Yao FZ, Patterson EA, Wang K, et al. Enhanced bipolar fatigue resistance in CaZrO3-modified (K, Na)NbO3 lead-free piezoceramics. Appl Phys Lett 2014, 104: 242912.
Men TL, Yao FZ, Zhu ZX, et al. Piezoelectric properties of (K0.5Na0.5)NbO3–BaTiO3 lead-free ceramics prepared by spark plasma sintering. J Adv Dielect 2016, 6: 1650013.
Sun HQ, Peng DF, Wang XS, et al. Green and red emission for (K0.5Na0.5)NbO3:Pr ceramics. J Appl Phys 2012, 111: 046102.
Wang J, Luo LH, Huang YP, et al. Strong correlation of the electrical properties, up-conversion photoluminescence, and phase structure in Er3+/Yb3+co-doped (1–x)K0.5Na0.5NbO3–xLiNbO3 ceramics. Appl Phys Lett 2015, 107: 192901.
Wu X, Lau CM, Kwok KW. Photoluminescence properties of Er/Pr-doped K0.5Na0.5NbO3 ferroelectric ceramics. J Am Ceram Soc 2015, 98: 2139–2145.
Hao JG, Xu ZJ, Chu RQ, et al. Bright reddish-orange emission and good piezoelectric properties of Sm2O3-modified (K0.5Na0.5)NbO3-based lead-free piezoelectric ceramics. J Appl Phys 2015, 117: 194104.
Wei YB, Wu Z, Jia YM, et al. Dual-enhancement of ferro-/piezoelectric and photoluminescent performance in Pr3+ doped (K0.5Na0.5)NbO3 lead-free ceramics. Appl Phys Lett 2014, 105: 042902.
Wang J, Luo LH, Huang YP, et al. Effect of Yb codoping on the phase transition, and electrical and photolumin-escence properties in KNLN:Er/xYb ceramics. J Am Ceram Soc 2016, 99: 1625–1630.
Yao QR, Wang FF, Xu F, et al. Electric field-induced giant strain and photoluminescence-enhancement effect in rare-earth modified lead-free piezoelectric ceramics. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2015, 7: 5066–5075.
Hao JG, Zhai JW, Li YX. Preparation of (K0.50Na0.50)NbO3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics by mechanical activation assisted method. Jpn J Appl Phys 2011, 50: 110207.
Hao J, Xu Z, Chu R, et al. Good temperature stability and fatigue-free behavior in Sm2O3-modified 0.948(K0.5Na0.5)NbO3–0.052LiSbO3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics. Mater Res Bull 2015, 65: 94–102.
Hao J, Xu Z, Chu R, et al. Large electric-field-induced strain in SrZrO3 modified Bi0.5 (Na0.80K0.20)0.5TiO3 lead-free electromechanical ceramics with fatigue-resistant behavior. J Alloys Compd 2015, 647: 857–865.
Zhai YZ, Du J, Chen C, et al. Temperature stability and electrical properties of Tm2O3 doped KNN-based ceramics. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 2019, 30: 4716–4725.
Uchino K, Nomura S. Critical exponents of the dielectric constants in diffused-phase-transition crystals. Ferroelectrics 1982, 44: 55–61.
Shi W, Feng Y, Lu T, et al. Photoluminescence and impedance properties of rare-earth doped (K0.5Na0.5)NbO3 lead-free ceramics. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 2019, 30: 9–16.
Kang BS, Choi SK, Park CH. Diffuse dielectric anomaly in perovskite-type ferroelectric oxides in the temperature range of 400–700 °C. J Appl Phys 2003, 94: 1904–1911.
Steinsvik S, Bugge R, Gjønnes J, et al. The defect structure of SrTi1−xFexO3−y (x = 0–0.8) investigated by electrical conductivity measurements and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). J Phys Chem Solids 1997, 58: 969–976.
Zhang HW, Deng H, Chen C, et al. Chemical nature of giant strain in Mn-doped 0.94(Na0.5Bi0.5)TiO3–0.06BaTiO3 lead-free ferroelectric single crystals. Scripta Mater 2014, 75: 50–53.
Brinkley SE, Lin YD, Chakraborty A, et al. Polarized spontaneous emission from blue-green m-plane GaN-based light emitting diodes. Appl Phys Lett 2011, 98: 011110.
Yang XY, Liu J, Yang H, et al. Synthesis and characterization of new red phosphors for white LED applications. J Mater Chem 2009, 19: 3771–3774.
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2016YFB0402701), Innovation Team of Higher Educational Science and Technology Program in Shandong Province (No. 2019KJA025), National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51701091 and 51802137), Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China (Nos. ZR2018MEM011 and ZR201709270099), Opening Project of Key Laboratory of Inorganic Functional Materials and Devices, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. KLIFMD201705), and Research Foundation of Liaocheng University (No. 318011906).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Electronic supplementary material
Fig. S1
XRD patterns of KNNS-0.04BNKZ-xSm ceramics.
Rights and permissions
Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made.
The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder.
To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
About this article
Cite this article
Li, W., Hao, J., Li, W. et al. Electrical properties and luminescence properties of 0.96(K0.48Na0.52)(Nb0.95Sb0.05)–0.04Bi0.5(Na0.82K0.18)0.5ZrO3-xSm lead-free ceramics. J Adv Ceram 9, 72–82 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40145-019-0349-x
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40145-019-0349-x