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State-of-the-Art Review on the Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Feasibility of Select Biochars

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Abstract

Biochar, a carbon-rich material derived from biomass through controlled or oxygen-limited pyrolysis, possesses remarkable resistance to biodegradation. Its versatile physicochemical properties have led to its widespread use in soil remediation, wastewater treatment, carbon sequestration, energy generation, and environmental mitigation. This critical review on select biochars highlights biochar production, considering factors such as temperature, residence time, heating rate, and feedstock type, which influence its properties. It is observed that for biochar production, utilizing abundant biomass resources is cost-effective and environmentally friendly. Furthermore, any biochar sourced from various materials like agricultural, industrial, and crop waste, wood, animal manure, and sewage sludge exhibits high porosity, specific surface area, and surface functional groups, facilitating its efficacy in addressing various challenges for diversified applications. The physicochemical properties of biochar, dependent on pyrolysis conditions and feedstock, necessitate a complex comprehension for targeted application. Moreover, the influence of biochar amendment on soil physicochemical characteristics is discussed. The efficacy of biochar and engineered biochar, in remediating soil contaminated with heavy metals, is compared. The role of biochar in geotechnical contexts is outlined. The current review appraises biochar's diverse applications, emphasizing its complex potential.

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Funding

This project was financially supported by the National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal, India, under “Research Seed Grant No.: NITW/AC-7/RSM-Bdgt/2018-2019/P1015” and the Ministry of Education (formerly known as Ministry of Human Resource and Development), Government of India.

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    Mohammad Nuruddin & Arif Ali Baig Moghal

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MN did writing original draft and editing. AABM done writing original draft editing, and supervision.

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Nuruddin, M., Moghal, A.A.B. State-of-the-Art Review on the Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Feasibility of Select Biochars. Indian Geotech J (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40098-023-00788-3

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