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Evolution of Nusselt Correlation for Recovery of Waste Heat from Industry Flue Gases using Quarry Dust and Iron Ore Particles

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Abstract

Process industries usually release significant temperature exit gases because of induced high energy inputs that are probably treated as secondary energy sources. Extensive saving in net energy demand is achievable only by retracing such waste heat. The purpose of the paper is to explain an empirical analysis of the interaction between solids and heated gas inside a vertical duct, which recovers the heat contained in the gas. Information related to the heat exchange sequences are noted since very little data are accessible in articles in this regard. Based on the findings, it is proposed a model for the Nusselt number (heat transfer coefficient): \(Nu = 0.03875\,\,\,\left( {{\text{Re}}_{P} } \right)^{0.8274} \,\left( {\Pr } \right)^{0.4157}\). During the research, a cyclone and riser system used in the cement industry for many years was built to model the working of a suspension preheater. However, the research results may also apply to other industries where waste can recover heat.

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Abbreviations

A :

Area of heat transfer, m2

C ps :

Solids thermal capacity, J kg−1 °C−1

C pf :

Thermal capacity of gas, J kg−1 °C−1

d p :

Solids dia., m

d t :

Size of the tubing, m

h :

Film coefficient, W m−2 °C−1

K f :

Fluid thermal conductivity, W m−1 °C−1

L :

Length of the pipe, m

\(\dot{m}_{s}\) :

Mass flux, kg s−1

q :

Rate of heat transfer, W

V p :

Holdup volume of the solid particles, m3

v f :

Velocity of fluid, m s−1

v s :

Velocity of solid particles, m s−1

w s :

Particle feed rate, kg s−1

w g :

Rate of gas flow, kg s−1

ρ p :

Particle density, kg m−3

ρ f :

Density of a gas, kg m−3

μ f :

Gas viscosity, kg m−1 s−1

(ΔT)s :

Temp. change in particle, °C

(ΔT)1 :

Temp. change at the lower end of the riser, °C

(ΔT)2 :

Temp. change at the top of the riser, °C

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Authors of this publication did not receive any funding or grants to develop the article.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology & Research, Vadlamudi, Guntur District, Andhra Pradesh, India

    Pramod Kaki & Ashok Kumar Popuri

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  1. Pramod Kaki
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  2. Ashok Kumar Popuri
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Conceptual and design aspects of the study were contributed by all authors.

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Correspondence to Ashok Kumar Popuri.

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Kaki, P., Popuri, A.K. Evolution of Nusselt Correlation for Recovery of Waste Heat from Industry Flue Gases using Quarry Dust and Iron Ore Particles. J. Inst. Eng. India Ser. D 104, 205–212 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40033-022-00375-5

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