Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Simulation to estimate RF mesh parameters for the AMI in constrained bandwidth

  • Original Research
  • Published:
CSI Transactions on ICT Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) is an important and integral component of Smart Grid. AMI requires a two way communication network to connect metering and load control endpoints spread over the residential area with the head end system. The most challenging part of AMI is to design this last leg of communication network which reliably and securely fulfills the requirement of the coverage, latency, scalability and compliance to country specific standards and regulations at the right cost. RF mesh technology is a proven way to implement the AMI network and this has been proven in the USA where the RF mesh networks have been functioning satisfactorily for more than a decade in the sub 1 GHz Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) band with an available bandwidth of 26 MHz. In comparison, India has a narrow ISM bandwidth of only 2 MHz, which raises a doubt on achievement of AMI functionality within this constrained bandwidth. To carry out a high level feasibility for India, the relevant AMI data load and throughput requirements were estimated on the basis of data collected from published work and also through a survey involving Indian experts from utilities, regulatory bodies and metering companies. Based on the Pareto analysis of the estimated AMI data, the use case of ‘interval data push’ by the residential meters was considered for network simulation in a real world scenario of RF mesh AMI network. Utilizing only 20 % of the network capacity, for the estimated AMI data throughput of about 20 MB/day, the simulation exercise resulted in an estimate of size of network accommodating about 4800 endpoints per collector based on the acceptable latency of 5 s per hop.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Lichtensteiger B, Bjelajac B, Müller C, Wietfeld C (2010) RF mesh systems for smart metering: system architecture and performance. Smart Grid communications (SmartGridComm), 2010 first IEEE international conference on, pp 379–384, 4–6 Oct. 2010. doi: 10.1109/SMARTGRID.2010.5622071

  2. Kulkarni P, Gormus S, Fan Z, Ramos F (2012) AMI mesh networks—a practical solution and its performance evaluation. IEEE Trans Smart Grid 3(3):1469–1481

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Gazette of India Notifications for free wireless bands in India, GSR 168(E), 36(E) dated 11.03.2005, 10.1.2007, GSR 45(E) dated 28.1.2005

  4. Mishra A, Khan M, Gaur MS (2013) Suitable RF spectrum in ISM band for 2-way advanced metering network in India. In: International conference on communication and electronics system design, proceedings of SPIE vol 8760, 87602D© 2013 SPIE CCC code: 0277-786/13/$18. doi:10.1117/12.2012650

  5. FCC rule:1. Federal Register, 66 FR: 31585, June 12, 2001

  6. IEEE 2003 version of 802.15.4 MAC & Phy standard; http://standards.ieee.org/getieee802/download/802.15.4-2003.pdf

  7. IEEE802.15.4;Tutorial; http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/802/15/pub/2003/Jan03/03036r0P802-15_WG-802-15-4-TG4-Tutorial.ppt

  8. Pascal Thubert et al IPv6 Over the TSCH Mode of IEEE 802.15.4e, https://datatracker.ietf.org/wg/6tisch/charter/

  9. Tanenbaum AS, Wetherall DJ Computer networks. Pearson, ISBN 978-81-317-8757-1

  10. Kumar A, Manjunath D, Kuri J Communication networking-an analytical approach. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers- An Imprint of Elsevier, ISBN 978-81-8147-593-0

  11. Performance analysis of transmission probability control scheme in slotted ALOHA CDMA networks, proceeding: ICCSA’05 proceedings of the 2005 international conference on computational science and its applications—Volume part I, pp 438–447, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg ©2005 ISBN:3-540-25860-4 978-3-540-25860-5

  12. Jie Gao, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, Analysis of Aloha and Slotted ALOHA http://www.osti.gov/eprints/topicpages/documents/record/501/1308579.html

  13. Prajapati JK, Ghadiali S, Vora DR (2012) Smart Grid—A vision for the future, IEEE—international conference on advances in engineering, science and management (ICAESM-2012) March 30, 31, 2012, ISBN: 978-81-909042-2-3 ©2012 IEEE

  14. Himayat N, Talwar S, Johnsson K, Mohanty S, Wang X, Wei G, Schooler E, Goodman G (Intel), IEEE 802.16p-10/0007r1, Smart Grid applications machine to machine (M2M) systems requirements document (SRD), 2010-11-08

  15. Department of Energy (2010) Communications requirements for Smart Grid technologies, October, 2010. http://energy.gov/sites/prod/files/gcprod/documents/Smart_Grid_Communications_Requirements_Report_10-05-2010.pdf

  16. Cho H Machine to machine (M2M) communications technical report. IEEE 802.16ppc-10/0002r7 M2 M Study Report, 2010-11-11

  17. Mishra A, Gaur MS (2013) Bridging the interoperability gaps with use case approach. International conference on metering, metering India, Organized by IEEMA at New Delhi in Feb 2013

  18. Mishra A (2015) ‘SMART’ data, analytics and its relevance to resolve power distribution issues in India. International conference, metering India, Organized by IEEMA in New Delhi in Apr 2015

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Global Development Centre, Landis+Gyr, Noida, India

    A. Mishra, B. G. Gupta & M. Raza

  2. Department of Computer Engineering, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India

    M. S. Gaur

Authors
  1. A. Mishra
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. B. G. Gupta
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. M. Raza
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. M. S. Gaur
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. S. Gaur.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Mishra, A., Gupta, B.G., Raza, M. et al. Simulation to estimate RF mesh parameters for the AMI in constrained bandwidth. CSIT 3, 45–58 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40012-015-0071-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40012-015-0071-y

Keywords

Search

Navigation