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The Health Impact of Consuming Smoked Fish and Roasted Plantain on Albino Rats by Serum Enzyme Assay

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Abstract

Over the years, grilling and smoking as food preparation techniques have been found to introduce polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to the food products. Such food products when ultimately consumed by human could pose sever health challenges. Here, the effects of consumption of smoked fish and roasted plantain on the serum enzymes of Wistar albino rats were investigated as a method of determining the potential effect of such food consumption on humans. To achieve this, twenty-eight (28) Wistar male albino rats were fed with different concentrations (5, 10, and 20%) of smoked fish and/or roasted plantain for 21 days and killed after 28 days to collect serum for investigating the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Results obtained for AST and ALT in the serum of rats fed with different concentrations of smoked fish and/or roasted plantain were significantly (p < 0.05) different from those obtained for control rats. However, the activity of ALP was substantially lower in the rats fed with different concentrations of smoked fish and roasted plantain when compared to that of the control. Thus, exposure of the albino rats to smoked or roasted foods which inherently contain PAHs induced changes in the activities of AST, ALT, and ALP, which are an indication of the effect on health. This study therefore promotes the awareness on potential human health implications of consuming smoked fish and roasted plantain, which could guide public health policies and decisions.

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Acknowledgements

There was no receipt of any specific grant for this research from funding agencies in the public, commercial or non-profit sector. The authors are grateful to Prof. Linus Nwaogu of the Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Owerri Nigeria, for his unreserved assistance throughout this project.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Natural Sciences, National Institute for Nigerian Languages, Aba, Nigeria

    Ugochukwu Ikechukwu Amaihe

  2. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria

    Ugochukwu Ikechukwu Amaihe & Godfrey Onyeze

  3. Power System Engineering Unit, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria

    Obinna Ikechukwu Osuagwu

  4. Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, Japan

    Christian Ebere Enyoh

  5. Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada

    Ozioma Udochukwu Akakuru

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  1. Ugochukwu Ikechukwu Amaihe
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  2. Godfrey Onyeze
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Correspondence to Ozioma Udochukwu Akakuru.

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Significance Statement: The study determined the biochemical effect of consumption of smoked fish and roasted plantain on the serum of Wistar albino rats by assaying the activity of the plasma enzymes: AST, ALT and ALP which are markers of liver health.

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Amaihe, U.I., Onyeze, G., Osuagwu, O.I. et al. The Health Impact of Consuming Smoked Fish and Roasted Plantain on Albino Rats by Serum Enzyme Assay. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., India, Sect. B Biol. Sci. 93, 181–188 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40011-022-01411-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40011-022-01411-w

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