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Optimising Elicitors and Precursors to Enhance Alizarin and Purpurin Production in Adventitious Roots of Morinda citrifolia L.

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Abstract

Morinda citrifolia L. belongs to family Rubiaceae. It is a traditional Polynesian medicinal plant. Its root serves as a rich source of various anthraquinone constituents. The anthraquinone compounds exhibit therapeutic effects of antibacterial, antiviral and anticancer activities. In the present work, an adventitious root culture of M. citrifolia was established and the effectiveness of various elicitors viz, yeast extract, xylan, pectin and the precursor α-ketoglutaric acid on the level of anthraquinone production in adventitious root cultures were assayed. Adventitious root proliferation was achieved in Murashige and Skoog liquid medium supplemented with 24 μM Indole-3-butyric acid. The anthraquinone content was determined by spectrophotometric analysis and the anthraquinone constituents–viz, alizarin and purpurin were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatographic method. Enhancement in alizarin and purpurin along with total anthraquinones was detected due to the addition of precursor and elicitors. Pectin (20 mg/l) added cultures resulted in highest anthraquinone accumulation (44.4 mg/g dw). The protocol developed for the regeneration of roots was simple, reproducible and reliable for the possible commercial production of in vitro root biomass based alizarin and purpurin.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are thankful to the University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, India for granting University JRF (No: Ac.E1/5825/09) and they thank Dr Ashalatha S Nair, Professor and Head, Department of Botany and Dean, Faculty of Science, University of Kerala for the facilities provided.

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  1. Department of Botany, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695 581, India

    S. Sreeranjini & E. A. Siril

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  1. S. Sreeranjini
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Correspondence to E. A. Siril.

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Sreeranjini, S., Siril, E.A. Optimising Elicitors and Precursors to Enhance Alizarin and Purpurin Production in Adventitious Roots of Morinda citrifolia L.. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., India, Sect. B Biol. Sci. 85, 725–731 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40011-014-0395-7

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