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Decellularized Human Adipose Tissue as an Alternative Graft Material for Bone Regeneration

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Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Aims and scope

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Tissue engineering approaches to treat damaged bone include various tissue transplants such as autologous, allogeneic, and xenografts. Artificial materials have been widely introduced to meet the demand for graft materials, but insufficiency in supply is still not resolved. In this study, human adipose tissue, easily obtained from the human body, was harvested, and the tissue was decellularized to fabricate a decellularized human adipose tissue matrix (DM) as an alternative graft material.

METHODS:

Human adipose tissue was obtained via liposuction. The obtained fresh adipose tissue sample was cut into pieces then put into decellularization solution (1% antibiotic–antimycotic solution and 1% phenylmethanesulphonyl fluoride). Lipids were further removed via treatment in isopropanol. The sample was then subjected to another enzymatic digestion and lipid removal processes. The obtained decellularized adipose tissue matrix was lyophilized to form a graft material in disc shape.

RESULTS:

Decellularization was confirmed by nuclear staining methods and detection of RNA and DNA via PCR. Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2)-loaded DM showed the ability to form new bone tissue when implanted in subcutaneous tissue. In recovery of a mouse calvarial defect model, BMP2-loaded DM exhibited similar levels of bone tissue regeneration efficiency compared with a well-defined commercial product, BMP2-loaded CollaCote®.

CONCLUSION:

The DM developed in this study is expected to address the problem of insufficient supply of graft materials and contribute to the treatment of bone defects of critical size as an alternative bone graft material with preserved extracellular matrix components.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the Korea Institute of Toxicology, Republic of Korea (1711133848 and 1711133843).

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Author notes

  1. Woo Beom Ahn and Yu Bin Lee have contributed equally to this study as the first authors.

  2. Hyon-Seok Jang and Sun-Woong Kang have contributed equally to this study as the corresponding authors.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea

    Woo Beom Ahn

  2. Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea

    Yu Bin Lee & Kyoung-Sik Moon

  3. Department of Dentistry, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, 15355, Republic of Korea

    Yi-Hwa Ji & Hyon-Seok Jang

  4. Research Group for Biomimetic Advanced Technology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejoen, 34114, Republic of Korea

    Sun-Woong Kang

  5. Human and Environmental Toxicology Program, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea

    Sun-Woong Kang

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  1. Woo Beom Ahn
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  2. Yu Bin Lee
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Hyon-Seok Jang or Sun-Woong Kang.

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Ethical statement

Human adipose tissue was obtained via liposuction in compliance with the guidelines of the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) of Korea University Ansan Hospital (Approval Number: AS12194). All animal experiments were approved by the IACUC of Korea University (KUIACUC 2013-21). All animals were managed by following guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals.

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Ahn, W.B., Lee, Y.B., Ji, YH. et al. Decellularized Human Adipose Tissue as an Alternative Graft Material for Bone Regeneration. Tissue Eng Regen Med 19, 1089–1098 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13770-022-00451-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13770-022-00451-7

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