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Highly sensitive and selective response of agnuside using a chemical sensor based on molecularly imprinted polymer/Pd/MWCNT nanocomposite at the surface of glassy carbon electrode

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Abstract

Agnuside has beneficial effects on the body, but its high concentration in kidney can be harmful to the intestine. In this study, we tried to improve our previous report for sensitive and selective measuring agnuside using square wave voltammetry, the technique which have not been applied for this purpose so far. Actually, we presented an electrochemical sensor based on glassy carbon electrode improved by molecular imprinted polymer (MIP), palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs), and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) (MIP/Pd/MWCNT nanocomposite). The prepared nanocomposite was characterized by SEM, TEM, EDX, XRD, and FT-IR before applying to the electrode. In the electrochemical process, several parameters were investigated including the electrochemical behavior of modifiers, the effect of scan rate, type, concentration, and pH values of supporting electrolyte. Finally, 0.1 M phosphate buffer at pH = 7.0 was selected as the appropriate supporting electrolyte and under optimal conditions, a linearity in the range of 0.01–400.0 nM was obtained. Quantification and detection limit were found to be 0.01 nM and 0.003 nM, respectively. The relative standard deviation of the proposed method for 10.0 nM and 200.0 nM agnuside solutions was obtained ± 1.32% and ± 0.65%, respectively. Low RSDs in preparation and determination procedures illustrated the repeatability and reproducibility of the proposed sensor. The prepared sensor exhibited excellent stability and selectivity, as well. The satisfactory results showed that the proposed sensor could be successfully applied to determine agnuside in real samples.

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Acknowledgements

This research has been supported by Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduated University of Advanced Technology (Kerman-Iran) under grant number of 7/2706

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  1. Department of Environment, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran

    Daryoush Afzali & Moslem Afzali

  2. Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran

    Moslem Afzali

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Afzali, D., Afzali, M. Highly sensitive and selective response of agnuside using a chemical sensor based on molecularly imprinted polymer/Pd/MWCNT nanocomposite at the surface of glassy carbon electrode. J IRAN CHEM SOC 20, 2727–2737 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13738-023-02869-9

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