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Preparation, characterization and controlled release study of poly(urea–formaldehyde) microcapsules enclosing Pretilachlor herbicide

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Abstract

Herein, we report Pretilachlor herbicide loaded poly(urea–formaldehyde) microcapsules prepared through in situ polymerization reaction between urea and formaldehyde. The preparation method of microcapsules was mainly consisted two steps, namely, oil in water emulsification and polymeric wall formation. Pretilachlor was selected as a core material to reduce its leaching problem into groundwater, because it eventually affects aquatic and terrestrial life. The conventional formulations of this herbicide were unable to minimize its adverse effects on the non-target organisms. With the aim to avoid the restricted use of an effective herbicide, Pretilachlor; efforts were undertaken to solve the existing problems using microencapsulation technique. The prepared microcapsules were characterized using various analytical techniques to confirm their morphology, chemical structure, particle size distribution, thermal properties and release performance of core material. The controlled release behavior of microcapsules was studied by gravimetric analysis and UV–Vis spectroscopy was used to establish the release kinetics of core material. The mean particle size of the prepared microcapsules was found to be 185 µm. The release study of microcapsules showed 71% of release in solvent and approximately 60%, 38% and 5% release in acidic, basic and neutral conditions, respectively. Therefore, Pretilachlor herbicide was successfully encapsulated in poly(urea–formaldehyde) resin, and an environment friendly microencapsulated suspension formulation was proposed.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the Chhatrapati Shahu Maharaj Research Training and Human Development Institute (SARTHI), Pune Maharashtra, India for providing financial assistance.

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  1. School of Chemical Sciences, Kavayitri Bahinabai Chaudhari North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon, Maharashtra, 425001, India

    Rahul Patil & Ratnamala Bendre

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  1. Rahul Patil
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  2. Ratnamala Bendre
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Correspondence to Ratnamala Bendre.

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Patil, R., Bendre, R. Preparation, characterization and controlled release study of poly(urea–formaldehyde) microcapsules enclosing Pretilachlor herbicide. Iran Polym J 31, 691–704 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13726-022-01036-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13726-022-01036-w

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