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Microencapsulated diuron herbicide: kinetic study of its release from a urea–formaldehyde matrix

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Abstract

The production of slow-release systems for diuron aims to reduce some disadvantages of its traditional application, diminishing its associated environmental pollution. In this work, a matrix of urea–formaldehyde (UF) containing microencapsulated diuron (D) was studied. The product was obtained by a microencapsulation technique, which is simple, economic and does not need strict control of experimental reaction conditions. In vitro and in vivo studies of the formulations were made. The encapsulation efficiency (EE) of the materials obtained was between 54 and 68%. The in vitro assays showed that the investigated material slowly releases amounts of diuron (58–70% at 360 h) for extended periods of time. A kinetic analysis was developed from in vitro results. It showed that the dominant mechanism of release responds to a first-order reaction, which means that the process is ruled by the diuron diffusion from the UF matrix to the medium. In vivo studies revealed that UF-III-D formulation is a source of macronutrients to the plants and increases the production yield parameters by more than (14%) compared to the traditional fertilizer. Thus, the formulation UF-III-D provides great assimilation of diuron and effective protection when compared to non-protected plants.

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Acknowledgements

This work is under the project P223LH001-078 of the National Program of Basic Sciences (PNCB), Cuba.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological Sciences, Centre for Molecular Simulation, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada

    Laura M. Castro-Gonzalez

  2. Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales, Universidad de La Habana, Zapata Esq. G, Vedado, Plaza, La Habana, Cuba

    A. Iribarren, Mayra González & Laura Siverio

  3. Instituto de Investigaciones Hortícolas “Liliana Dimitrova”, Carretera Bejucal. Quivicán, km 33½, Habana, Cuba

    María I. Hernández

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  1. Laura M. Castro-Gonzalez
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Correspondence to Mayra González.

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Castro-Gonzalez, L.M., Iribarren, A., González, M. et al. Microencapsulated diuron herbicide: kinetic study of its release from a urea–formaldehyde matrix. J IRAN CHEM SOC 19, 3057–3066 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13738-022-02512-z

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