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Synthesis of high porous carbon from grape marc-vinasse mixture: investigation on tetracycline and ciprofloxacin removal performance and adsorption mechanisms

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Abstract

In this study, adsorption, a promising technique due to its simplicity and high efficiency, was used to remove tetracycline and ciprofloxacin from water. One-step activated carbon production from lignocellulosic waste uses an environmentally friendly, effective, economical, and sustainable adsorbent. The study aimed to remove TC and CP from an aqueous solution. The effect of parameters such as pH (3–11), biosorbent dose (0.25–5 g/L), initial antibiotic concentration (10–150 mg/L), and contact time (5–240 min) on adsorption was investigated. It was observed that the adsorption process was relatively fast, and equilibrium was reached within 120 and 90 min for tetracycline and ciprofloxacin, respectively. Furthermore, it showed the best correlation with the Langmuir isotherm model. The theoretical capacities of crude activated carbon waste to adsorb tetracycline and ciprofloxacin were determined as 29.16 and 46.37 mg/g, respectively. The experimental results obtained in this study indicate that this agricultural waste can be used as an environmentally friendly and cost-effective adsorbent to remove some classes of antibiotics from aqueous solutions, thus contributing to the solution of the problem of the uncontrolled presence of these drugs in wastewater.

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

Firat University and Izmir High Technology University are thanked in this article for their analysis, testing, and laboratory facilities.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey

    Buket Onat & Hasan Arslanoğlu

  2. Central Research Laboratory Application and Research Center, Çankırı Karatekin University, Çankırı, Turkey

    Feride N. Türk

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  1. Buket Onat
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  2. Feride N. Türk
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  3. Hasan Arslanoğlu
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Contributions

Buket Onat: writing, revising the manuscript critically for important intellectual content. Feride N. Türk: analysis of data, revising the manuscript critically for important intellectual content, approval of the version of the manuscript to be published. Hasan Arslanoğlu: writing, acquisition of data, analysis of data, revising the manuscript critically for important intellectual content, approval of the version of the manuscript to be published, review and editing.

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Correspondence to Hasan Arslanoğlu.

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Highlights

• Adsorption of tetracycline and ciprofloxacin from aqueous solution by activated carbon obtained from agricultural waste was investigated.

• The highest surface area and total pore volume of the produced activated carbon based adsorbent were found to be 1290.5 m2/g and 0.5667 cm3/g, respectively.

• Tetracycline (TC) showed cationic property at high pH and the highest adsorption capacity were observed at pH:10.

• Ciprofloxacin (CIP) showed anionic property at low pH and the highest adsorption capacity were observed at pH:4.

• The adsorbent corresponds to Type 4 in adsorption isotherm and consists mostly of microporous.

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Onat, B., Türk, F.N. & Arslanoğlu, H. Synthesis of high porous carbon from grape marc-vinasse mixture: investigation on tetracycline and ciprofloxacin removal performance and adsorption mechanisms. Biomass Conv. Bioref. 14, 10733–10745 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-023-04896-1

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