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In situ epoxidation of oleic acid derived from hybrid oleic acid from waste palm cooking oil & palm oil via homogenous catalyst

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Abstract

Epoxidation of oleic acid from vegetable oil has become popular due to the high demand for environmentally friendly epoxides from vegetable oils nowadays. This study aims to investigate the synthesis of epoxidized hybrid oleic acid from waste palm cooking oil and palm oil via in situ peracid mechanism. The novel method using hybrid raw material which is palm oil and waste palm cooking oil was introduced in this study in the epoxidation with performic acid in the presence of sulfuric acid as a homogeneous catalyst. Based on ideal process parameters, the maximum conversion to oxirane can be up to 65% using the optimum process parameter with a temperature of 75℃ and sulfuric acid act as catalyst. A mathematical model was developed by using the numerical integration Runge Kutta 4th Order method. The results showed that there was good agreement between the simulation and experimental data, which validates the kinetic model.

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The author would like to thank Universiti Teknologi MARA for financially supporting with: RMI file no: 600-TNCPI/PBT 5/3 (016/2022) and 600-TNCPI/PBT 5/3 (005/2022).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chemical Engineering Studies, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Kampus Permatang Pauh, Cawangan, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia

    Mohd Zulkipli Ab Kadir & Aivenny Stacey Motiyus

  2. Chemical Engineering Studies, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Kampus Pasir Gudang, Cawangan, Masai, Johor, Malaysia

    Intan Suhada Azmi & Mohd Jumain Jalil

Authors
  1. Mohd Zulkipli Ab Kadir
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  2. Aivenny Stacey Motiyus
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  3. Intan Suhada Azmi
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Contributions

Mohd Zulkipli Ab Kadir: Writing and experiment work.

Aivenny Stacey Motiyus: Data curation.

Intan Suhada Azmi: Data curation.

Mohd Jumain Jalil: conceptualization and methodology.

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Correspondence to Mohd Jumain Jalil.

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Kadir, M.Z.A., Motiyus, A.S., Azmi, I.S. et al. In situ epoxidation of oleic acid derived from hybrid oleic acid from waste palm cooking oil & palm oil via homogenous catalyst. Biomass Conv. Bioref. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-023-04306-6

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