Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Evaluation of the adsorptive removal of cationic dyes by greening biochar derived from agricultural bio-waste of rice husk

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this study, biochar derived from agricultural bio-wastes of rice husk was used as a biosorbent for dye sequestration of Basic Blue 41 (BB41) and Basic Red 09 (BR09) from the aqueous solution. The structural characteristics of the biochar were performed through TGA, BET, SEM, EDX, and FTIR. The experimental conditions proved that 80% of dye removal was attained in the optimal operating conditions (dosage of 6 g L−1 (BB41), 1 g L−1 (BR09), pH of 7 (BB41) and 8 (BR09), temperature of 35 °C, and initial dye concentration of 50 mg L−1). Four different isotherms models were used to describe the adsorption process. Based on the correlation coefficient and percentage of error values, BB41 and BR09 sorption revealed that Langmuir model has better fit when compared to other models. The maximum adsorption capacities of BB41 and BR09 on rice husk biochar are 17.596 mg g−1 and 168.49 mg g−1, respectively. The thermodynamic parameters △H < 0 and △G < 0 indicated that the whole adsorption process of rice husk biochar to BB41 and BR09 is exothermic and spontaneous at low temperature. The regeneration studies were carried out with different elutants to confirm the elution efficiency of the sorbent. The results indicate the biochar derived from agricultural bio-waste of rice husk was a potentially greening biosorbent for the dye sequestration from wastewater.

Graphical abstract

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17
Fig. 18

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Saleh TA, Gupta VK (2014) Processing methods, characteristics and adsorption behavior of tire derived carbons: a review. Adv Colloid Interf Sci 211:93–101. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CIS.2014.06.006.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Thillainayagam BP, Saravanan P, Ravindiran G et al. (2021) Continuous sorption of methylene blue dye from aqueous solution using effective microorganisms-based water hyacinth waste compost in a packed column. Biomass Conv Bioref. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-020-01208-9

  3. Edokpayi JN, Odiyo JO, Durowoju OS (2017). Impact of wastewater on surface water quality in developing countries: a case study of South Africa, Water Quality, Hlanganani Tutu, IntechOpen, https://doi.org/10.5772/66561

  4. Nethaji S, Sivasamy A, Thennarasu G, Saravanan S (2010) Adsorption of malachite green dye onto activated carbon derived from Borassus aethiopum flower biomass. J Hazard Mater 181:271–280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.05.008

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Kant R (2012) Textile dyeing industry an environmental hazard. Nat Sci 4:22–26. https://doi.org/10.4236/ns.2012.41004.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Jegan J, Praveen S, Bhagavathi Pushpa T, Gokulan R (2020a) Biodecolorization of basic violet 03 using biochar derived from agricultural wastes: isotherm and kinetics. Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy 14(03):316–326. https://doi.org/10.1166/jbmb.2020.1969

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Jegan J, Praveen S, Bhagavathi Pushpa T, Gokulan R (2020b) Sorption kinetics and isotherm studies of cationic dyes using groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) shell derived biochar a low-cost adsorbent. Appl Ecol Environ Res 18(1):1925–1939. https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/1801_19251939

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Zolliger H Color chemistry-syntheses, properties, and applications of organic dyes and pigments, (3rd ed.), Verlag Helvetica Chimica Acta, Wiley-VCH (2003) p. 202–206

  9. Hubbe MA, Beck KR, O’Neal WG, Sharma YC (2012) Cellulosic substrates for removal of pollutants from aqueous systems: a review. 2. Dyes. Dye biosorption: review. Bio Resources 7(2):2592–2687

    Google Scholar 

  10. Siddique K, Rizwan M, Shahid MJ, Ali S, Ahmad R, Rizvi H (2017) Textile wastewater treatment options: a critical review. In: Anjum N., Gill S., Tuteja N. (eds) Enhancing Cleanup of Environmental Pollutants. vol. 2, pp 183–207. 10.1007/978-3-319-55423-5_6

  11. Gokulan R, Raja Murugadoss J, Jegan J, Avinash A (2019) Comparative desorption studies on remediation of remazol dyes using biochar (sorbent) derived from green marine seaweeds. ChemistrySelect. 4:7437–7445

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Ahmad T, Danish M, Rafatullah M, Ghazali A, Sulaiman O, Hashim R, Ibrahim MN (2012) The use of date palm as a potential adsorbent for wastewater treatment: a review. Environ Sci Technol 19:1464–1484

    Google Scholar 

  13. Gupta VK, Nayak A (2012) Cadmium removal and recovery from aqueous solutions by novel adsorbents prepared from orange peel and Fe2O3 nanoparticles. Chem Eng J 180:81–90

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Gupta VK, Jain R, Nayak A, Agarwal S, Shrivastava M (2011) Removal of the hazardous dye-tartrazine by photodegradation on titanium dioxide surface. J Hazard Mater 31:1062–1067

    Google Scholar 

  15. Low LW, Teng T, Rafatullah M, Morad N, Azahari B (2014) Adsorption studies of methylene blue and malachite green from aqueous solutions by pretreated lignocellulosic materials. Separ Sci Technol 48:1688–1698

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Mittal A, Mittal J, Malviya A, Kaur D, Gupta VK (2010) Decoloration treatment of a hazardous triarylmethane dye, light green SF (yellowish) by waste material adsorbents. J Colloid Interface Sci 342:518–527

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Gupta VK, Ali I, Saleh TA, Nayak A, Agarwal S (2012a) Chemical treatment technologies for waste-water recycling-an overview. RSC Adv 2:6380–6388

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Gupta VK, Jain R, Mittal A, Tawfik A, Saleh A, Naya A, Agarwal S, Sikarwa S (2012b) Photo-catalytic degradation of toxic dye amaranth on TiO2/UV in aqueous suspensions. Mater Sci Eng C 32:12–17

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Saleh TA, Gupta VK (2012) Photo-catalyzed degradation of hazardous dye methyl orange by use of a composite catalyst consisting of multi-walled carbon nanotubes and titanium dioxide. J Colloid Interface Sci 371:101–106

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Bhagavathi Pushpa T, Jegan J, Praveen S (2016) Utilization of biomass in environs–a review. International Journal of Advances in Interdisciplinary Research 3(7):21–26

    Google Scholar 

  21. Ahmaruzzaman M, Gupta VK (2011) Rice husk and its ash as low-cost adsorbents in water and wastewater treatment. Ind Eng Chem Res 50:13589–13613. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie201477c.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Bharathi KS, Ramesh ST (2013) Removal of dyes using agricultural waste as low-cost adsorbents: a review. Appl Water Sci 3:773–790. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-013-0117-y

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Gupta VK, Nayak A, Bhushan B, Agarwal S (2015) A critical analysis on the efficiency of activated carbons from low-cost precursors for heavy metals remediation. Crit Rev Environ Sci Technol 45:613–668

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Praveen S, Bhagavathi Pushpa T, Gokulan R & Jegan J 2020 “Evaluation of the adsorption capacity of Cocos nucifera shell derived biochar for basic dyes sequestration from aqueous solution” Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, https://doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2020.1800142

  25. Sharma P, Kaur H, Sharma M, Sahore V (2011) A review on applicability of naturally available adsorbents for the removal of hazardous dyes from aqueous waste. Environ Monit Assess 183(1–4):151–195. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-011-1914-0

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Abdolali A, Guo WS, Ngo HH, Chen SS, Nguyen NC, Tung KL (2014) Typical lignocellulosic wastes and by-products for biosorption process in water and wastewater treatment: a critical review. Bioresour Technol 160:57–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2013.12.037

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Nguyen TAH, Ngo HH, Guo WS, Zhang J, Liang S, Yue QY, Li Q, Nguyen TV (2013) Applicability of agricultural waste and by-products for adsorptive removal of heavy metals from wastewater. Bioresour Technol 148:574–585. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BIORTECH.2013.08.124

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Allen B, Nanni S, Schweitzer J-P, Baldock D, Watkins E, Withana S, Bowyer C (2015) International review of bio-economy strategies with a focus on waste resources. Report prepared for the UK Government Department for Business, Innovation and Skills. Institute for European Environmental Policy, London

  29. Lal R (2005) World crop residues production and implications of its use as a biofuel. Environ Int 31:575e584

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Yagmur E, Ozmak M, Aktas Z (2008) A novel method for production of activated carbon from waste tea by chemical activation with microwave energy. Fuel 87:3278–3285

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Lehmann J, Joseph S (2009) Biochar for environmental management: an introduction. In: Lehmann J, Joseph S (eds) Biochar for environmental management science and technology. Earthscan Ltd., London, UK, pp 1–12

    Google Scholar 

  32. Kumar M, Gokulan R, Sujatha S et al. (2021) Biodecolorization of Reactive Red 120 in batch and packed bed column using biochar derived from Ulva reticulata. Biomass Conv Bioref. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-020-01268-x

  33. Mohan D, Sarswat A, Ok YS, Pittman CU Jr (2014) Organic and inorganic contaminants removal from water with biochar, a renewable, low cost and sustainable adsorbent - a critical review. Bioresour Technol 160:191–202

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Ahmad M, Rajapaksha AU, Lim JE, Zhang M, Bolan N, Mohan D, Vithanage M, Lee SS, Ok YS (2014) Biochar as a sorbent for contaminant management in soil and water: a review. Chemosphere 99:19–33

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Luo Z, Wang E, Zheng H, Baldock JA, Sun OJ, Shao Q (2015) Convergent modelling of past soil organic carbon stocks but divergent projections. Biogeosciences 12:4373–4383

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Jegan J, Vijayaraghavan J, Bhagavathi Pushpa T, Sardhar Basha SJ (2016) Application of seaweeds for the removal of cationic dye from aqueous solution. Desalin Water Treat 57(53):25812–25821. https://doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2016.1151835

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Zainab Mahdi, El Hanandeh A, Yu1 Q (2017). Date seed-derived biochar for Ni(II) removal from aqueous solutions, MATEC Web of Conferences 120, 05005

  38. Sun J, He F, Pan Y, Zhang Z (2017) Effects of pyrolysis temperature and residence time on physicochemical properties of different biochar types. Acta Agric Scand Sect B Soil Plant Sci 67:12–22

    Google Scholar 

  39. Demirbas A (2008) Bio-fuels from agricultural residues. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 30:101–109. https://doi.org/10.1080/00908310600626788

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Mimmo T, Panzacchi P, Baratieri M, Davies CA, Tonon G (2014) Effect of pyrolysis temperature on miscanthus (Miscanthus x giganteus) biochar physical, chemical and functional properties. Biomass Bioenergy 62:149–157

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Xu Y, Chen B (2013) Investigation of thermodynamic parametres in the pyrolysis conversion f biomass and manure to biochars using thermogravimetrisc analysis. Bioresource Tenhnol 146:485–493

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Krishnamurthy TP, Gowrishankar BS, Chandra Prabha MN, Kruthi M, Hari Krishna R (2019) Studies on batch adsorptive removal of malachite green from synthetic wastewater using acid treated coffee husk: equilibrium, kinetics and thermodynamic studies. Microchem J. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2018.12.067

  43. Biagini E, Narducci P, Tognotti L (2008) Size and structural characterization of lignin-cellulosic fuels after the rapid devolatilization. Fuel 87(2):177–186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2007.04.010

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Suman S, Panwar DS, Gautam S (2017) Surface morphology properties of biochars obtained from different biomass waste. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 39(10):1007–1012. https://doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2017.1283553.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Masoudi Soltani S, Yazdi SK, Hosseini S (2013) Effects of pyrolysis conditions on the porous structure construction of mesoporous charred carbon from used cigarette filters. Appl Nanosci 4(5):551–569. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-013-0230-0

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. Bhagavathi Pushpa T, Jegan J, Praveen S, Gokulan R (2019) Biodecolorization of basic blue 41 using EM based composts: isotherm and kinetics. Chemistry Select 4(34):10006–10012. https://doi.org/10.1002/slct.201901774

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Oh TK, Choi B, Shinogi Y, Chikushi J (2012) Characterization of biochar derived from three types of biomass. J Fac Agric Kyushu Univ 57(1):61–66

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Shirmardi M, Alavi N, Lima EC, Takdastan A, Mahvi AH, Babaei AA (2016) Removal of atrazine as an organic micro-pollutant from aqueous solutions: a comparative study. Process Saf Environ Prot 103:23–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2016.06.014

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. Tsai W-T, Chen H-R (2013) Adsorption kinetics of herbicide paraquat in aqueous solution onto a low-cost adsorbent, swine-manure-derived biochar. Int J Environ Sci Technol 10(6):1349–1356. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-012-0174-z

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. Fahmi AH, Samsuri AW, Jol H, Singh D (2018) Bioavailability and leaching of cd and Pb from contaminated soil amended with different sizes of biochar. R Soc Open Sci 5(11):181328. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.181328

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. Wang Z, Shen D, Shen F, Li T (2016) Phosphate adsorption on lanthanum loaded biochar. Chemosphere 150:1–7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. Kyzioł-Komosińska J, Rosik-Dulewska C, Pajak M, et al. (2014) Adsorption of anionic dyes onto natural, thermally and chemically modified smectite clays. Polish J Chem Technol. https://doi.org/10.2478/pjct-2014-0066

  53. Tabak A, Eren E, Afsin B, Caglar B (2009) Determination of adsorptive properties of a Turkish Sepiolite for removal of Reactive Blue 15 anionic dye from aqueous solutions. J Hazard Mater. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.04.062

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, GMR Institute of Technology, Rajam, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh, 532127, India

    Praveen Saravanan & Gokulan Ravindiran

  2. Department of Civil Engineering, University College of Engineering Ramanathapuram, Ramanathapuram, Tamil Nadu, 623513, India

    Jegan Josephraj & Bhagavathi Pushpa Thillainayagam

Authors
  1. Praveen Saravanan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Jegan Josephraj
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Bhagavathi Pushpa Thillainayagam
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Gokulan Ravindiran
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Praveen Saravanan.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Publisher’s note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Saravanan, P., Josephraj, J., Thillainayagam, B.P. et al. Evaluation of the adsorptive removal of cationic dyes by greening biochar derived from agricultural bio-waste of rice husk. Biomass Conv. Bioref. 13, 4047–4060 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-021-01415-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-021-01415-y

Keywords

Search

Navigation