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Comprehensive Assessment of Various Lignocellulosic Biomasses for Energy Recovery in a Hybrid Energy System

  • Research Article-Chemical Engineering
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Abstract

The study presents a comprehensive assessment of various categories of lignocellulosic biomass for energy recovery by thorough compositional characterization, estimation of energy output in a hybrid energy system, and rating with respect to sustainability indicators. The woody biomass, (bamboo stem), was noted to have the highest carbon content of 44.41 ± 0.21% and a calorific value of 17.11 ± 0.18 MJ/kg. The least carbon content and calorific value were recorded for agricultural crop residue (rice straw). The order of specific energy output in the hybrid energy system was observed to be: woody biomass (bamboo stem) > non-woody biomass and among non-woody biomass, the order was: weed (cogon grass) > food processing waste (pineapple crown) > agricultural crop residue (rice straw). The specific energy output of 1.129 kWh/kg was recorded for woody biomass, bamboo stem. A life cycle assessment conducted to determine the overall sustainability and the environmental burdens associated with the energy recovery processes revealed that the agricultural crop residue (rice straw) had much higher overall sustainability (with a score of 10 out of 12) compared to the other biomass sources. Thus, for energy recovery in the biomass-based hybrid energy system, the woody biomass is favored in terms of energy recovery potential, whereas the agricultural crop residue with large abundance can be preferred as the sustainable biomass source. Thus, the comprehensive assessment presented in this study offers a holistic guide to choose the appropriate biomass and thereby establish biomass-based energy recovery as the energy solution for the future.

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Abbreviations

A:

Ash

AP:

Acidification Potential

BAT:

Battery

BG:

Biomass-based electricity Generator

C:

Carbon

CO2 :

Carbon dioxide

CONV:

Converter

DCB:

Di- Chloro Benzene

DG:

Diesel-fueled electricity Generator

EP:

Eutrophication Potential

GCV:

Gross Calorific Value

GWP:

Global Warming Potential

H:

Hydrogen

HOMER:

Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewables

HTP:

Human Toxicity Potential

ISO:

International Organization for Standardization

LCA:

Life Cycle Assessment

LCIA:

Life Cycle Impact Assessment

MC:

Moisture Content

O:

Oxygen

ODP:

Ozone Depletion Potential

OHES:

Off-grid Hybrid Energy System

PEI:

Potential Environmental Impacts

PV:

Photovoltaic cell

SC:

Stable Carbon

SO2 :

Sulfur dioxide

TETP:

Terrestrial and Eco Toxicity Potential

USD:

United States Dollar

US-LCA:

United States Life Cycle Assessment

VM:

Volatile Matter

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the Departments of Chemical Engineering and Central Research Facility of the NIT Agartala for providing the facility support. GaBi® India is sincerely acknowledged for providing the software. The Department of Chemical Engineering, VNIT Nagpur is much appreciated for providing the necessary training.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Agartala, Jirania, Tripura, 799046, India

    Rupak Roy & Srimanta Ray

  2. Department of Electrical Engineering, Techno College of Engineering, Agartala, Tripura, 799004, India

    Debika Debnath

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  1. Rupak Roy
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  2. Debika Debnath
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  3. Srimanta Ray
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Contributions

Rupak Roy contributed to experimentation, data curation, initial manuscript organization. Debika Debnath contributed to modeling and simulation of energy recovery. Srimanta Ray contributed to conceptualization, methodology, validation, manuscript organization, drafting, revision and supervision.

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Correspondence to Srimanta Ray.

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Roy, R., Debnath, D. & Ray, S. Comprehensive Assessment of Various Lignocellulosic Biomasses for Energy Recovery in a Hybrid Energy System. Arab J Sci Eng 47, 5935–5948 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-021-05723-3

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