Abstract
The maintenance, restoration, and improvement of habitat structure are critical for biodiversity conservation. Under this context, studies assessing habitat connectivity become essential, especially those focused on anthropized regions holding high species richness. We calculated the habitat connectivity of four species of insectivorous bats with different dispersal capacity and habitat preferences in a highly anthropized region in central Mexico, Idionycteris phyllotis and Myotis thysanodes, with a high dispersal capacity and forest-dependency, and Eptesicus fuscus with a low dispersal capacity, and Tadarida brasiliensis with a high dispersal capacity, as the more tolerant bat species to anthropogenic disturbance. We developed niche-based species distribution models to identify suitable habitat patches for each species. We then assessed habitat connectivity and the importance of suitable habitat patches for maintaining connectivity using a graph theory approach. Our results showed that forest dependency was most important than dispersal capacity for connectivity. We also found that the Iztaccíhuatl-Popocatépetl mountain, a National Park comprising 4.2% of natural vegetation in the study area, was the most critical patch for maintaining connectivity for most of the study species. Our study demonstrates the importance of conserving the remnants of natural vegetation for maintaining habitat connectivity within a fragmented landscape and demonstrates the importance of conserving protected areas as well as other remnants of vegetation for the maintenance of habitat connectivity within a fragmented landscape.
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Acknowledgements
The authors thank the support (infrastructure and administration team) given by the Centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la Conducta (CTBC-Uatx) and the grant award to EVR by the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT) (grant number 823321) for the doctoral studies. This work was supported by the project “Proyecto apoyado por el Fondo Sectorial de Investigación Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores (SRE)-Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT) (No. 286794) dentro del proyecto Análisis de la conectividad funcional entre los parques nacionales La Malinche e Iztaccíhuatl-Popocatépetl e identificación de áreas prioritarias para la conservación”. Angela thanks CONACyT for her postdoctoral research grant for the project: “Colecciones IBUNAM en movimiento: descubrir, estudiar y conservar la biodiversidad en el Antropoceno”.
Funding
This work was supported by project “Proyecto apoyado por el Fondo Sectorial de Investigación Secretaría de Relaciones Exteriores (SRE)-Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT) (No. 286794) dentro del proyecto Análisis de la conectividad funcional entre los parques nacionales La Malinche e Iztaccíhuatl-Popocatépetl e identificación de áreas prioritarias para la conservación”.
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JAB and EVR conceived the idea. EVR gathered data and performed the models. ACR assessed and reviewed the models. All authors contributed to the writing of the final version of the manuscript.
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Vázquez-Rueda, E., Cuervo-Robayo, A.P. & Ayala-Berdon, J. Forest dependency could be more important than dispersal capacity for habitat connectivity of four species of insectivorous bats inhabiting a highly anthropized region in central Mexico. Mamm Res 68, 561–573 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13364-023-00707-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13364-023-00707-0