Abstract
In China, there are two subspecies of the chestnut tiger butterfly, Parantica sita (Kollar) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae), P. s. sita in southwest China and P. s. niphonica on Taiwan Island. Our previous study found substantial genetic divergence between both subspecies. This paper reports a novel haplotype of the mitochondrial genome from the specimens in Leshan, Sichuan Province, China (P. sita LS), which is located within the distribution range of P. s. sita. The length of the complete mitochondrial genome is 15,202 bp, and its general characteristics match those published before. However, genetically, P. sita LS diverges substantially from both P. s. sita and P. s. niphonica. First, the COI gene of P. sita LS differs from the COI genes of P. s. sita and P. s. niphonica by 4.7% and 2.5%, respectively. Second, consistent with the difference between P. s. sita and P. s. niphonica, the AT-rich region of P. sita LS shows a fragment deletion. Third, these three haplotypes of P. sita are not forming a monophyly in phylogenetic trees. Instead, P. luzonensis, a related species, mixes in the cluster of P. sita. Based on these results, this paper proposes the division of P. sita into three independent species, which needs to be corroborated by further evidence.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31772446). Sample collection in the field was supported by Mr. Fei Xiong. We especially thank Dr. Wei Zhang from Peking University for assistance with sequencing and data analysis, and Yuping Meng for routine laboratory work.
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Zhang, Y., Lu, L., Hu, P. et al. A novel mitochondrial genome haplotype in Parantica sita sita (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Danainae) indicates substantial intraspecific genetic divergence. Appl Entomol Zool 57, 109–118 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13355-022-00772-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13355-022-00772-y