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Changing pattern of classical swine fever virus genogroup from classical 1.1 to emerging 2.2 in India

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Abstract

Classical swine fever (CSF) is one of the most important viral diseases of pigs with high economic impact. The causative agent, Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) is a member of genus Pestivirus in family Flaviviredae and is structurally and antigenically related to other members of the genus. The identification of virus strains and genotypes can conveniently be used to trace the origin and patterns of virus spread, which contribut substantially in control strategies. In the present study, we have partially sequenced and analysed the 5′ untranslated region (UTR) and E2 regions of CSFV clinical samples (n = 24) from various parts of the country. Among the samples, the sequence alignment of 5′UTR and E2 regions revealed 96.7–100 and 94.7–100% identities at the nucleotide level, respectively. The samples under study showed the close resemblance to the other CSFV isolates reported in India. In phylogenetic analysis, all the field samples were clustered in subgroup 2.2. Thus the study presents a further phylogenetic evidence for the emergence of subgroup 2.2 CSFV replacing the predominant subgroup 1.1 viruses in India. As the information regarding the molecular epidemiology the CSFV in india is very little, generation of such epidemiological data is warranted to help in comprehensing the nationwide disease control program to sustain the growth of pig industry in India.

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Acknowledgement

The authors are grateful to the Director of the Institute for providing the necessary facilities to carry out this work. This study was carried out under a network project on classical swine fever, with special reference to the northern region (RGCB/DBT-Swine/PMD/CSF- 4/11/08 dt 24/11/08), funded by the Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India, New Delhi.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Virology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Mukteswar, Nainital, Uttarakhand, 263138, India

    Vinod Kumar Singh, Ravi Kumar, Sachin D. Raut, Arpit Saxena, Dhanavellu Muthuchelvan & Awadh Bihari Pandey

  2. Division of Biological Products, Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Predesh, 243122, India

    Kaushal Kishor Rajak & Raj Kumar Singh

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  1. Vinod Kumar Singh
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Correspondence to Kaushal Kishor Rajak.

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Singh, V.K., Rajak, K.K., Kumar, R. et al. Changing pattern of classical swine fever virus genogroup from classical 1.1 to emerging 2.2 in India. VirusDis. 28, 174–181 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13337-017-0368-6

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