Abstract
Milk containing Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) poses a serious health risk to consumers. Present study was undertaken to determine levels of AFM1 in 146 milk and value added dairy products sold in retail markets of Chhattisgarh, India using HPLC coupled with fluorescence detector. A total of 52 samples (35.6%) were found to contain AFM1 with overall concentrations ranging from nd − 2.608 µg/L. The contamination levels were higher in non-fermented milk products than fermented milk products samples, although this difference was statistically non-significant (p > 0.05). AFM1 concentrations above maximum permissible limits established by the European Commission were found in 94.2% of positive samples. Health risk assessments ascertained that the estimated daily intakes for AFM1 is higher than the established tolerable daily intakes for both adults and children (Hazard Index > 1), there by implying a potentially high risk to consumer’s health. Current investigation provides valuable information regarding contamination of raw as well as value added milk products sold in Indian markets. Therefore, to protect consumer’s health and promote dairy trade; there is an urgent need to increase farmer’s knowledge on good storage practices of feed and fodder. Further, stringent enforcement of food safety regulations is imperative to safeguard and promote human health.
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Acknowledgements
Authors are thankful to Dean, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, DSVCKV, Durg, Chhattisgarh for providing all the necessary facilities to conduct this research.
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SS and AP conceived the study design; DH and CC carried out the laboratory work; AK analyzed the data and performed health risk assessments; DH and CC drafted the manuscript; AK and AP revised and edited the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Hattimare, D., Shakya, S., Patyal, A. et al. Occurrence and exposure assessment of Aflatoxin M1 in milk and milk products in India. J Food Sci Technol 59, 2460–2468 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-021-05265-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-021-05265-4