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Phytochemical composition, antioxidant and anti-bacterial activity of Syzygium calophyllifolium Walp. fruit

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Abstract

Syzygium calophyllifolium fruits are among the important wild edibles used by the tribes of Western Ghats. However, this underutilized fruit remained unnoticed for its medicinal properties. Hence, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the antioxidant activity by DPPH·, ABTS·+, FRAP assays and antibacterial efficacy by well diffusion method. GC–MS and HPLC profiles of crude extract and column chromatographic fractions were also determined. The methanolic extract of fruit (MFE) showed high total phenolics, tannins and flavonoids. The faction H (FH) displayed significant antioxidant property in DPPH· (IC50 2.1 µg/ml), ABTS·+ (19483.29 μM Trolox equivalents/g extract) and FRAP (65.5 mM Fe(II)/mg extract) assays over MFE. Moreover, FH also exhibited good antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (32.0 mm), Salmonella typhi (27.0 mm), Staphylococcus aureus (27.3 mm) at 100 mg/ml concentration. GC–MS revealed 12 major compounds in MFE, HPLC analysis of MFE and FH depicted the presence of rutin and ellagic acid. This study suggested that FH could have high concentration of bioactive compounds like rutin and ellagic acid or its analogues compared to MFE which may be responsible for its strong antioxidant and antibacterial activity.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to Department of Botany, Bharathiar University, for providing laboratory support for this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Bioprospecting Laboratory, Department of Botany, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India

    Saikumar Sathyanarayanan, Sajeesh Thankarajan & Parimelazhagan Thangaraj

  2. Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, 17011, South Africa

    Rahul Chandran & Heidi Abrahamse

  3. Department of Botany, Mar Ivanios College (Autonomous), Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India

    Sajeesh Thankarajan

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  1. Saikumar Sathyanarayanan
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  2. Rahul Chandran
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  3. Sajeesh Thankarajan
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  4. Heidi Abrahamse
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  5. Parimelazhagan Thangaraj
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Correspondence to Parimelazhagan Thangaraj.

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Sathyanarayanan, S., Chandran, R., Thankarajan, S. et al. Phytochemical composition, antioxidant and anti-bacterial activity of Syzygium calophyllifolium Walp. fruit. J Food Sci Technol 55, 341–350 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-017-2944-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-017-2944-6

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