Abstract
The collagen of skin, scales and fins of Catla catla and Cirrhinus mrigala were isolated and characterised. Nine fishes of each fish species of three weight groups were collected from a commercial fish farm. Collagen characterisation using SDS-PAGE revealed the molecular weights (kDa) of the C. catla skin, scales, and fins which ranged from 120 to 210, 70 to 201, and 68 to 137 kDa, respectively. The size of the collagen of C. mrigala skin, scales and fins ranged from 114 to 201, 77 to 210, and 70 to 147 kDa, respectively. Glycine and alanine were the most abundant amino acid, whereas tryptophan was totally absent in all selected tissues. Thus, significant variation exists in type of collagen and amino acid profile within the weight groups of the two fish species. The imino acid (proline and hydroxyproline) contents estimated in C. catla and C. mrigala skin (161–165 and 160–168), scales (155–159 and 152–161) and fins (162–171 and (152–155) residues/1,000 residues, respectively. The proximate analysis was also performed for skin, scales and fins. The maximum protein content of the skin was determined as 26.10 % and 22.90 % in the C. catla and C. mrigala, respectively, from the W3 weight group. The scales of the W3 weight group exhibited maximum protein contents of 25.90 and 21.77 % for C. catla and C. mrigala, respectively. The maximum protein contents (19.04 % and 18.12 %) were recorded for C. catla and C. mrigala, respectively in the fins.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) (1990) In: Helrich K (ed) Official methods of analysis 14th edn. Washington, DC
Bradford MM (1976) A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram of protein utilizing principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem 72:248–254
Bae I, Osatomi K, Yoshida A, Osako K, Yamaguchi A, Hara K (2008) Biochemical properties of acid-soluble collagens extracted from the skins of underutilized fishes. Food Chem 108:49–54
Chen HL, Li H, Liu B, Gao LZ (2004) Studies on bullfrog skin collagen. Food Chem 84:65–69
Dun R, Jackson HT, Smith Y (2008) Methods for processing and utilization of low cost fishes: a critical appraisal. J Food Sci Technol 32:1–12
Duan R, Zhang J, Dua X, Yao X, Konno K (2009) Properties of collagen from skin, scale and bone of carp (Cyprinus carpio). Food Chem 112:702–706
Foegeding EA, Laneir TC, Hultin HO (1996) Characteristics of edible muscle tissues. In: Fennema OR (ed) Food chemistry. Marcel Dekker, New York, pp 902–906
Giraud-Guille MM, Besseau L, Chopin C, Durand P, Herbage D (2000) Structural aspects of fish skin collagen which forms ordered arrays via liquid crystalline states. Biomaterials 21:899–906
Gomez-Guillen MC, Turnay F, Fernández-Diaz MD, Ulmo N, Lizarbe MA, Montero P (2002) Structural and physical properties of gelatin extracted from different marine species: a comparative study. Food Hydrocoll 16:25–34
Ikoma T, Kobayashi H, Tanaka J, Walsh D, Mann S (2003) Physical properties of type I collagen extracted from fish scales of Pagrus major and Oreochromis niloticus. Int J Biol Macromol 32:199–204
Iqbal Z (2002) Proximate composition of skin, scales and fins of Catla catla, Labeo rohita and Cirrhina mrigala. M. Sc. Thesis, University of Panjab, Pakistan, 92p
Jabeen F, Shakoor A (2011) Chemical composition and fatty acid profile of three freshwater fish species. Food Chem 125:691–696
Jamilah B, Umi Hartina MR, Mat Hashim D, Sazili AQ (2013) Properties of collagen from barramundi (Lates calcarifer) skin. Int Food Res J 20:835–842
Javed M (1998) Growth performance and meat quality of major carps as influenced by pond fertilization and feed supplementation. Ph.D Thesis, Agriculture University, Faisalabad
Jongjareonrak A, Benjakul S, Visessanguan W, Nagai T, Tanaka M (2005) Isolation and characterisation of acid and pepsin-solubilised collagens from the skin of brown stripe red snapper (Lutjanus vitta). Food Chem 93:475–484
Kimura S, Miyauchi Y, Uchida N (1991) Scale and bone type I collagens of carp (Cyprinus carpio). Comp Biochem Physiol 99B:473–476
Kimura S, Omura Y, Ishida M, Shirai H (1993) Molecular characterization of fibrollar collagen from the body wall of starfish Asterias amurensis. Comp Biochem Physiol Part B Comp Biochem 104:663–668
Kittiphattanabawon P, Benjakul S, Visessanguan W, Nagai T, Tanaka M (2005) Characterisation of acid-soluble collagen from skin and bone of bigeye snapper (Priacanthus tayenus). Food Chem 89:363–372
Kittiphattanabawon P, Benjakul S, Visessanguan W, Kishimura H, Shahidi F (2010a) Isolation and characterisation of collagen from the skin of brownbanded bamboo shark (Chiloscyllium punctatum). Food Chem 119:1519–1526
Kittiphattanabawon P, Benjakul S, Visessanguan W, Shahidi F (2010b) Isolation and characterization of collagen from the cartilages of brownbanded bamboo shark (Chiloscyllium punctatum) and blacktip shark (Carcharhinus limbatus). Food Sci Technol 43:792–800
Kui SK, Mendis E (2008) Bioactive compounds from marine processing byproducts- a review. Food Res Int 39:383–393
Liu H, Li D, Guo S (2007) Studies on collagen from the skin of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctaus). Food Chem 101:621–625
Mechanic GL, Katz EP, Henmi M, Noyes C, Yamauchi M (1987) Locus of a histidine-based, stable trifunctional, helix to helix collagen cross-link: stereospecific collagen structure of type I skin fibrils. Biochemistry 26:3500–3509
Mahboob S, Sheri AN, Raza SH (1996) Proximate comoposition of major common and some chinese carp as influenced by pond fertilizer and feed supplementation in composite culture system. J Aquac Trop 11:227–284
Muyonga JH, Cole CGB, Duodu KG (2004) Characterisation of acid soluble collagen from skins of young and adult Nile perch (Lates niloticus). Food Chem 85:81–89
Nagai T, Suzuki N (1999) Isolation of collagen from fish waste material – skin, bone, and fins. Food Chem 68:277–281
Nagai T, Suzuki N (2000) Preparation and characterization of several fish bone collagen. J Food Biochem 24:427–436
Nagai T, Araki Y, Suzuki N (2002) Collagen of the skin of oscillate puffer fish (Takifugu rubripes). Food Chem 78:173–177
Nagai T, Izumi M, Ishii M (2004) Fish scale collagen. Preparation and partial characterization. Int J Food Sci Technol 104:239–244
Nagai T, Suzuki N, Nagashima T (2008) Collagen from common minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) unesu. Food Chem 111:296–301
Nalinanon S, Benjakul S, Visessanguan W, Kishimura H (2007) Use of pepsin for collagen extraction from the skin of bigeye snapper (Priacanthus tayenus). Food Chem 104:593–601
Nalinanon S, Benjakul S, Visessanguan W, Kishimura H (2008) Tuna Pepsin: characteristics and its use for collagen extraction from the skin of threadfin bream (Nemipterus spp.). J Food Sci 73:C413–C419
Nomura Y, Sakai H, Ishi Y, Shirai K (1996) Preparation and some properties of type I collagen from fish scale. Biosci Biotech Biochem 60:2092–2094
Ogawa M, Moody MW, Portier RJ, Bell J, Schexnayder M, Losso JN (2003) Biochemical properties of black drum and Sheepshead sea bream skin collagen. J Agri Food Chem 51:8088–8092
Rodziewicz-Motowidlo S, Śladewska A, Mulkiewicz E, Kolodziejczyk A, Aleksandowicz A, Miszkiewicz J, Stepnowski P (2008) Isolation and characterization of a thermally stable collagen preparation from the outer skin of the silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix. Aquaculture 285:130–134
Senaratne LS, Park P, Kim S (2006) Isolation and characterization of collagen from brown backed toadfish (Lagocephalus gloveri) Skin. Bioresou Technol 97:191–197
Shao K, Terashima M, Hozan D, Shirai K (2009) Preparation and dynamic viscoelasticity characterization of alkali solubilized collagen from shark skin. J Agric Food Chem 48:685–690
Singh P, Soottawat B, Sajid M, Hideki K (2011) Isolation and characterisation of collagen extracted from the skin of striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus). Food Chem 124:97–105
Skierka E, Sadowska M (2007) The influence of different acids and pepsin on the extractability of collagen from the skin of Baltic cod (Gadus morhua). Food Chem 105(3):1302–1306
Wang L, An X, Xin Z, Zhao L, Hu Q (2007) Isolation and characterization of collagen from the skin of deep-sea redfish (Sebastes mentella). J Food Sci 72(8):E450–E455
Woo JW, Yu SJ, Cho SM, Lee YB, Kim SB (2008) Extraction optimization and properties of collagen from yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) dorsal skin. Food Hydrocoll 22:879–887
Yung M, Yoshida C, Fujisawa S, Mizuta S, Yoshinaka R (2005) Identification and characterization of molecular species of collagen in fish skin. Food Sci 66:247–251
Zhang Y, Liu W, Li G, Shi B, Miao Y, Wu X (2007) Isolation and partial characterization of pepsin-soluble collagen from the skin of grass carp (Centopharyngodon idella). J Food Chem 103:906–912
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to their sincere appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific at King Saud University for its funding of this research through the Research Group Project No. RGP-1435-012.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Mahboob, S. Isolation and characterization of collagen from fish waste material- skin, scales and fins of Catla catla and Cirrhinus mrigala . J Food Sci Technol 52, 4296–4305 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-014-1520-6
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-014-1520-6