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Effect on oxidative stress, glucose uptake level and lipid droplet content by Apigenin 7, 4'-dimethyl ether isolated from Piper longum L

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Abstract

Piper longum L. (Family: Piperaceae), is a widely used herb in several Ayurvedic formulations prescribed for various diseases. Potential of the plant material as an antidiabetic and cardio protective agent has not been evaluated so far. In the study, we designed experiments to evaluate antioxidant, glucose uptake potential and lipid content regulating potential of extracts and compound from P. longum fruits. Solvent extracts from Piper longum fruits using hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, 70 % methanol-water were taken and apigenin 7, 4'-dimethyl ether (ADE) was isolated from ethyl acetate extract. Antioxidant activity, glucose uptake potential and adipocyte differentiation assay was performed with extract and pure compound. Antioxidant activity in terms of TRP (196.03 μg/mg GAE), DPPH assay (IC50–173.09 μg/mL), hydroxyl radical scavenging assay (IC50–20.42 μg/mL), inhibiting LDL oxidation (IC50–51.99 μg/mL) and to enhance SOD activity (25.3 %) was higher in ethyl acetate extract (EAP). Phenolic and flavonoid content was measured and showed a positive correlation with antioxidant activity. Presence of apigenin 7, 4'-dimethyl ether (ADE) and piperine (Pip) in EAP was determined by HPTLC analysis and was isolated. ADE inhibited α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzymes and enhanced 2-NBDG uptake in L6 cells. Hypolipidemic effect of ADE on mouse pre-adipocyte (3T3L1) cell lines also showed a dose dependent reduction on lipid droplet content and effective concentration range was determined as 1–2.5 μg/mL. The results suggested that Piper longum fruits can provide a natural source of antioxidants with antidiabetic and anti obesity potential.

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Acknowledgement

We thank the Director of National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and technology, CSIR, India for providing facilities to carry out the work. We also thank CSIR for providing financial support for the progress of work.

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The authors hereby report no declaration of interest

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Agroprocessing and Natural Products Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), CSIR, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India

    Mahesh S. Krishna, Beena Joy & A. Sundaresan

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  1. Mahesh S. Krishna
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  2. Beena Joy
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  3. A. Sundaresan
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Correspondence to Beena Joy.

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Krishna, M.S., Joy, B. & Sundaresan, A. Effect on oxidative stress, glucose uptake level and lipid droplet content by Apigenin 7, 4'-dimethyl ether isolated from Piper longum L. J Food Sci Technol 52, 3561–3570 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-014-1387-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-014-1387-6

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