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Microfossils from nodular cherts in the Middle Ordovician Yijianfang Formation carbonates (Well YJ1X), Tarim Basin, China

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Abstract

Although the micropaleontology of Ordovician deep-sea cherts is relatively well documented, microfossil assemblages in Ordovician shallow-marine cherts are less well-known. Nodular cherts in the Middle Ordovician carbonates of the Yijianfang Formation (Well YJ1X) in the Tarim Basin, northwestern China, contain a rich microfossil assemblage deposited in a shallow marine setting. These cherts contain 11 genera and 13 species of acritarchs and filamentous cyanobacteria. The acritarch assemblage includes eight genera and eight species, namely, Aremoricanium sp., Cheleutochroa oculata, Cymatiogalea sp., Cymatiosphaera sp., Dictyotidium microreticulatum, Leiosphaeridia sp., Polygonium gracile, and Pterospermella sp. Filamentous cyanobacteria include two genera and four species, namely, Siphonophycus typicum, Siphonophycus kestron, Siphonophycus solidum, and Oscillatoriopsis longa, and a colony of Eoentophysalis sp. coccoidal cells. The acritarch assemblage indicates a Middle–Late Ordovician age. The Yijianfang Formation fossil assemblage indicates a deep offshore depositional environment. Sedimentological evidence also suggests that the limestone that hosts the chert interval was deposited in a low- to moderate-energy, restricted, inner carbonate platform. Cherts formed by silicification during late diagenesis. By complementing previous studies of acritarchs in shales, this work improves the understanding of the Middle Ordovician paleogeography and microbial world.

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Acknowledgments

Fengbao Huang, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology, helped with the preparation of the thin sections. Yue Li, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology, providing advices for the sedimentology part and the manuscript. Jingjing Tang, Public Service Center at the Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology, helped with the microscopic work. This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41672142 and 41561144009) and the Basic Frontier Scientific Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. ZDBS-LY-DQC021).

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (41672142), Dr. Hui-li Li, National Natural Science Foundation of China (41561144009), Dr. Zhi-li Zhang, Basic Frontier Scientific Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (ZDBS-LY-DQC021), Dr. Zhi-li Zhang.

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  1. Petroleum Exploration and Development Research Institute, SINOPEC, Beijing, 100083, China

    Zhi-li Zhang & Hui-li Li

  2. State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China

    Fan-wei Meng, Quan-feng Zheng, Leiming Yin, Xuejun Yuan & Kui Yan

  3. Institute of Geology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan

    Naveed Ahsane & Saif Ur Rehmane

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The manuscript was mainly prepared by Zhili Zhang, Fanwei Meng, and Xuejun Yuan. The sedimentological and petrographic work was conducted by Quanfeng Zheng and Naveed Ahsane. The fieldwork was conducted by Zhili Zhang and Fanwei Meng. The microfossil analysis was conducted by Xuejun Yuan and Kui Yan. All authors contributed to the discussion.

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Zhang, Zl., Meng, Fw., Zheng, Qf. et al. Microfossils from nodular cherts in the Middle Ordovician Yijianfang Formation carbonates (Well YJ1X), Tarim Basin, China. Carbonates Evaporites 36, 38 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13146-021-00689-7

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