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Oral administration of lipid oil-in-water emulsions performed with synthetic or protein-type emulsifiers differentially affects post-prandial triacylglycerolemia in rats

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Abstract

In this study, we compared the impact of administration of size-calibrated lipid emulsions prepared with either synthetic or natural emulsifiers on the post-absorptive plasma triacylglycerol responses in rats. We did this using four types of size-calibrated (10 μm diameter) and metastable (3 days) emulsions with 20% of an oleic acid-rich sunflower oil and 1% of either synthetic emulsifiers (Tween 80 or sodium 2-stearoyl-lactylate) or two proteins (β-lactoglobulin or sodium caseinate). An oral fat tolerance test was performed in fasted rats by oral administration of each of these formulations in continuous or emulsified forms. Kinetic parameters (AUC0-inf., AUC0-6h, Cmax, Tmax, and T1/2) for the description of the plasma triacylglycerol responses were calculated. AUC0-6h and AUC0-inf. calculated for the protein groups were significantly lower than those of the control and the synthetic groups. These lower values were associated with significant decreases in the Cmax, exacerbated by the emulsion form and with marked decreases in the Tmax as compared to the control group. T1/2 values were differentially affected by the lipid administration forms and by the nature of the emulsifiers. As compared with the control group, T1/2 was largely increased in the sodium stearoyl-2-lactylate group, but on the contrary, largely lowered in the casein group. We concluded that the use of proteins as natural emulsifiers in lipid emulsions decreased the magnitude of post-prandial triacylglycerolemia for the same amount of ingested lipids, when the emulsion size is controlled for. Proteins could be a promising alternative to the widespread use of synthetic emulsifiers in the food industry.

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Acknowledgements

We sincerely thank Régine Sarr and Julien Monteil for their technical assistance.

Funding

This work was supported by the Conseil Régional d’Aquitaine and Bordeaux Sciences Agro and received a grant from Carnot Institute (LISA).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut de Chimie des Membranes et des Nano-objects (CBMN), UMR 5248, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, Bât B14, 1 Allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 33600, Pessac, France

    Merian Nassra, Christine Bourgeois, Patrick Sauvant & Claude Atgié

  2. Institut de Nutrition et des Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF), Département des Sciences des Aliments, Université Laval, Québec, Canada

    Christine Bourgeois & Muriel Subirade

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  1. Merian Nassra
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  5. Claude Atgié
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Correspondence to Claude Atgié.

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This study was compliant with ethical standards (IEC-AR/MESR approval no. 00289.01).

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Nassra, M., Bourgeois, C., Subirade, M. et al. Oral administration of lipid oil-in-water emulsions performed with synthetic or protein-type emulsifiers differentially affects post-prandial triacylglycerolemia in rats. J Physiol Biochem 74, 603–612 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13105-018-0634-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13105-018-0634-0

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