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Ethnomedicine, Phytochemistry, and Anti-microbial Proficiency of Tamarindus indica L. and Its Mediated Nanoparticles

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Abstract

Tamarindus indica is employed in Ayurveda as Agnisandeepano Rasa, Shankhadravaka Rasa, Shankha Vati, Mahashankha Vati, Gudapippali, and Bhruhat Gudapippali for the treatment of various diseases; exhibits therapeutic characteristics viz. blood tonic, carminative, digestive, expectorant, laxative etc.; and displays potential antimicrobial properties which can probably be utilized as a groundwork for drug discovery and development. The in-attendance review is designed with the objective to accrue and report the probable antimicrobial potential with Ayurvedic efficiency, therapeutic potential, phytoconstituent’s edifice, and other medicinal usages of T. indica followed by the identification of its future research opportunities. An informal approach of employing Boolean operators was applied for the primary database searching as a result of which in total, 40 research articles were reviewed using several online scholarly databases. Outcomes of the study deliberated that T. indica is being considered to treat more than 30 different types of ailments. Among reported disorders, T. indica displayed highest potential in the treatment of asthma, wounds, and inflammatory diseases. Pharmacological studies and analysis affirmed potential antimicrobial activities. Variety of secondary metabolites belonging to different classes of compounds such as anthraquinone, apigenin, coumarin, naringenin, phenols, tannins, and taxifolin were reportedly isolated from T. indica. The thorough pharmacological investigations’ findings showed that more clinical trials are required for T. indica in order to provide trustworthy novel chemicals for the conception of new medicines.

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Acknowledgements

All authors extend their sense of deep gratitude to Revered Swami Ramdev for his immense support and guidance. The authors also acknowledge the help and support provided by Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, India. The authors would like to extend their obligations to Mr. Lalit Mohan and Mr. Gagan Kumar for their swift administrative support and gratitude to Mr. Sunil Kumar for graphical support. Additionally, the authors are thankful to the Ministry of AYUSH under Grant-in-Aid for the Establishment of the Centre of Excellence of Renovation and Upgradation of Patanjali Ayurveda Hospital, Haridwar, India. Further, the authors also thank the National Mission for Clean Ganga, Ministry of Jal Shakti for the effective execution of the project under the Namami Gange Mission-II. 

Funding

This research was supported by the Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India under the AYURSWASTHYA Yojana, and National Mission for Clean Ganga, Ministry of Jal Shakti, Government of India under the Namami Gange Mission-II (Sanction order. F. No. Ad-35013/4/2022-KPMG-NMCG). 

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Patanjali Herbal Research Department, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, 249405, India

    Acharya Balkrishna, Monika Payal, Neelam Rawat Dabhade, Ashwini Singh & Vedpriya Arya

  2. University of Patanjali, Patanjali Yogpeeth, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, 249405, India

    Acharya Balkrishna

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  1. Acharya Balkrishna
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Contributions

Acharya Balkrishna: Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Resources. Ms. Monika Payal: Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing original draft. Dr. Ashwini Singh: Data curation, Pharmacological analysis and graphics. Dr. Neelam Rawat Dabhade: Supervision, Visualization, Validation, Writing–review & editing. Dr. Vedpriya Arya: Project administration, Supervision, Writing– review & editing.

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Correspondence to Neelam Rawat Dabhade.

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Balkrishna, A., Payal, M., Dabhade, N.R. et al. Ethnomedicine, Phytochemistry, and Anti-microbial Proficiency of Tamarindus indica L. and Its Mediated Nanoparticles. BioNanoSci. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12668-024-01302-6

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