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Spatial design of groundwater quality monitoring network using multicriteria analysis based on pollution risk map

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Abstract

Groundwater quality monitoring is a fundamental part of water management in aquifers. It is necessary to measure the spatial and temporal variations of the parameters related to the quality of groundwater, to have the necessary data for the management of the resource. In this sense, the objective of this research was to design a groundwater quality monitoring network in the Texcoco aquifer (Central Mexico), analyzing the spatial criteria that influence the design of networks, through multicriteria analysis in a GIS environment. The selected criteria were groundwater pollution risk, groundwater level drawdown, density of wells and subsidence. The analytical hierarchy process (AHP) was applied for the weighting of factors (criteria). The weighted sum tool of the ArcGis software was used to create the map of priority monitoring areas. Subsequently, a proposal for a groundwater quality monitoring network was made, and the spatial distribution and density of the monitoring points were determined. Finally, the temporality of the samplings and the parameters to be studied were proposed. The information obtained with this network will help decision-makers to establish and improve strategies for the protection, conservation, and uses of water resources based on available information and easily tools.

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Availability of data and materials

The detailed data can be consulted in the Master´s Thesis of Karina Patoni. Availability at: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/112143.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank the staff of the Comisión Nacional del Agua (CONAGUA) and the Instituto Interamericano de Tecnología del Agua (IITCA) for their comments and suggestions. This research was funded by Consejo Mexiquense de Ciencia y Tecnología, (Grant: FICDTEM-2021-004). K Patoni thanks CONACYT for its Ms. Scholarship. The authors appreciate the critical review and constructive comments provided by the editors and reviewers, which helped substantially in improving the quality of the manuscript.

Funding

The authors would like to thank the Consejo Mexiquense de Ciencia y Tecnología (COMECYT), the funding of research (Grant FICDTEM-2021–004). Author K. Patoni has received research support from Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencia y Tecnología (CONAHCYT) de México.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto de Tecnología y Ciencias del Agua (IITCA), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Carretera Toluca-Ixtlahuaca km 14.5, Toluca, Estado de México, México

    Karina Patoni, Maria Vicenta Esteller, José Luis Expósito & Reyna María Guadalupe Fonseca

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  1. Karina Patoni
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  2. Maria Vicenta Esteller
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  3. José Luis Expósito
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  4. Reyna María Guadalupe Fonseca
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, and data collection were performed by Karina Patoni and Maria Vicenta Esteller. Data analysis was performed by Karina Patoni, Maria Vicenta Esteller, José Luis Exposito, and Reyna María Guadalupe Fonseca. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Maria Vicenta Esteller and Karina Patoni and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Maria Vicenta Esteller.

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Patoni, K., Esteller, M.V., Expósito, J.L. et al. Spatial design of groundwater quality monitoring network using multicriteria analysis based on pollution risk map. Environ Earth Sci 83, 286 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-024-11595-1

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