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Square-form structure failure model of mining-affected hard rock strata: theoretical derivation, application and verification

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Abstract

The coal-bearing strata consist of rock and coal strata with diverse thickness or mechanical strength, and thus they, especially the thick–hard rock strata, are distinguishing in movement and failure laws during coal mining. The failure of the thick–hard rock strata may affect the strata stability and cause serious coupled dynamic hazards and environmental problems. In the paper, the failure model of thick–hard rock strata was derived theoretically, which was applied to calculate the failure laws of the thick–hard igneous sill, and then, the model was verified by the methods of numerical simulations and surface subsidence measurements. The results indicate that: (1) the failure laws of the hard roof strata were analyzed based on the four-edge-clamped thin-plate assumption, and thus, the square-form structure failure of the hard roof stratum, which case is defined as the SSF model, occurs most possibly with the square gob for larger normal stress components; (2) the SSF model was applied to calculate the failure laws of the thick–hard igneous sill, and it would be broken with the approximate square-form gob of 310 m long and 350 m wide in Yangliu Coal Mine, Huaibei Coalfield, China; and (3) both the simulation results and the surface subsidence measurements indicate that the initial failure length of the thick–hard igneous sill was about 320 m with the square-form gob, verifying the correctness of the SSF model. The results could provide the theoretical guide for mining rock strata control and dynamic hazards prevention.

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Acknowledgments

The work was supported by the State Key Research Development Program of China (Grant Nos. 2016YFC0801402 and 2016YFC0600708), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51474219) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. 2016QZ02).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Resources and Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, People’s Republic of China

    Chao Xu, Liang Yuan, Kai Wang, Aitao Zhou & Longyong Shu

  2. State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, People’s Republic of China

    Chao Xu, Kai Wang & Aitao Zhou

  3. National Engineering Research Center for Coal Gas Control, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, People’s Republic of China

    Chao Xu, Liang Yuan & Yuanping Cheng

  4. Mine Safety Technology Branch, China Coal Research Institute, Beijing, 100013, People’s Republic of China

    Longyong Shu

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  1. Chao Xu
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  2. Liang Yuan
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  3. Yuanping Cheng
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  4. Kai Wang
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  5. Aitao Zhou
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Correspondence to Yuanping Cheng.

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Xu, C., Yuan, L., Cheng, Y. et al. Square-form structure failure model of mining-affected hard rock strata: theoretical derivation, application and verification. Environ Earth Sci 75, 1180 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-016-5934-5

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