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Seasonal variation in heavy metal contaminations in water and sediments of Jamshedpur stretch of Subarnarekha river, India

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Abstract

Subarnarekha river, a rain fed peninsular river, passes through the city of Jamshedpur is an important industrial centre of Jharkhand, India. The aim of the study was to investigate the seasonal variability in the water and sediment quality status and to assess the impact of metals contamination in various seasons due to mining and industrial discharge. Concentrations of Zn, Pb, Cr, Cd, Ni, and Cu were determined using ICP-MS. Concentrations of Pb, Ni, and Cd were found quite higher than Indian drinking water standards. Heavy metal concentrations in sediment were found much higher than river water, which was further supported by high contamination factors (C f > 6) for Cd and Pb for all sites in pre-monsoon whereas, high degree of contamination (C d > 24) further ensured heavy pollution. Pollution load index values were found >1 which suggest progressive deterioration of sites whereas, geoaccumulation index recommended sediment quality towards moderately to very strongly polluted condition. Principle component analysis (PCA) was conducted separately for pre- and post-monsoon seasons. PCA (with eigen value >1 focused on two components, irrespective of seasonal variation with 55.21–58.77 % variance) indicated that high metals loading are due to anthropogenic origin, and Zn, Pb, Ni, and Cr have significant loading. Coupling of bioremediation technology with other economically efficient methods could help in solving the problem.

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Acknowledgments

Authors acknowledge Dr. Shantanu Bhattachrya, Head, Analytical Chemistry Division, National Metallurgical Laboratory (NML), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) lab, Jhamshedpur for carrying sediment analysis in ICP-MS. Author AK work was supported by Act 211 Government of the Russian Federation, agreement No 02.A03.21.0006. Service of Miss Arpita Bera, Water Management Division, JUSCO also appreciated by the authors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Water Management, Jamshedpur Utilities and Services Company (JUSCO), Jamshedpur, India

    Subhabrata Banerjee

  2. Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Natural Sciences, Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, 620002, Russia

    Adarsh Kumar

  3. Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Centre of Mining Environment, Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad, 826001, Jharkhand, India

    Subhabrata Banerjee, Subodh Kumar Maiti & Abhiroop Chowdhury

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  1. Subhabrata Banerjee
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  2. Adarsh Kumar
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  3. Subodh Kumar Maiti
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  4. Abhiroop Chowdhury
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Correspondence to Adarsh Kumar.

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This article is part of a Topical Collection in Environmental Earth Sciences on "Environmental Problems and Solutions in India".

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Banerjee, S., Kumar, A., Maiti, S.K. et al. Seasonal variation in heavy metal contaminations in water and sediments of Jamshedpur stretch of Subarnarekha river, India. Environ Earth Sci 75, 265 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-015-4990-6

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