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Linking leach chemistry and microbiology of low-grade copper ore bioleaching at different temperatures

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Abstract

The effects of temperature on chalcocite/pyrite oxidation and the microbial population in the bioleaching columns of a low-grade chalcocite ore were investigated in this study. Raffinate from the industrial bioleaching heap was used as an irrigation solution for columns operated at 20, 30, 45, and 60°C. The dissolution of copper and iron were investigated during the bioleaching processes, and the microbial community was revealed by using a high-throughput sequencing method. The genera of Ferroplasma, Acidithiobacillus, Leptospirillum, Acidiplasma, and Sulfobacillus dominated the microbial community, and the column at a higher temperature favored the growth of moderate thermophiles. Even though microbial abundance and activity were highest at 30°C, the column at a higher temperature achieved a much higher Cu leaching efficiency and recovery, which suggested that the promotion of chemical oxidation by elevated temperature dominated the dissolution of Cu. The highest pyrite oxidation percentage was detected at 45°C. Higher temperature resulted in precipitation of jarosite in columns, especially at 60°C. The results gave implications to the optimization of heap bioleaching of secondary copper sulfide in both enhanced chalcocite leaching and acid/iron balance, from the perspective of leaching temperature and affected microbial community and activity.

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41401541, 51674231, and 51474075) and Bureau of International Co-operation, Chinese Academy of Sciences (122111KYSB20150013). We are grateful to Wanbao Mining Ltd. for the help in the sampling and experiments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China

    Yan Jia, He-yun Sun, Qiao-yi Tan & Ren-man Ruan

  2. Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China

    Yan Jia, He-yun Sun, Qiao-yi Tan & Ren-man Ruan

  3. Wanbao Mining Limited, Beijing, 100053, China

    Hong-shan Gao & Xing-liang Feng

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  1. Yan Jia
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Correspondence to Ren-man Ruan.

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Jia, Y., Sun, Hy., Tan, Qy. et al. Linking leach chemistry and microbiology of low-grade copper ore bioleaching at different temperatures. Int J Miner Metall Mater 25, 271–279 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-018-1570-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-018-1570-2

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