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Impact of the Comprehensive Awareness Modification of Mouth, Chewing and Meal (CAMCAM) Program on the Attitude and Behavior Towards Oral Health and Eating Habits as Well as the Condition of Oral Frailty: A Pilot Study

  • Original Research
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The journal of nutrition, health & aging

Abstract

Objectives

Preserving sufficient oral function and maintaining adequate nutrition are essential for preventing physical frailty and the following long-term care. We recently developed the 6-month Comprehensive Awareness Modification of Mouth, Chewing And Meal (CAMCAM) program, in which participants gather monthly to learn about oral health and nutrition while eating a textured lunch together. This study examined whether the CAMCAM program could improve attitude and behavior towards oral health, mastication, and diet as well as ameliorate oral frailty in community-dwelling older adults.

Design

Single-arm pre-post comparison study.

Setting and Participants

A total of 271 community-dwelling adults (72.3 ± 5.7 years of age; 159 women [58.7%]) in 4 Japanese municipalities were recruited, of which 249 participants (92%) were assessed at the final evaluation.

Intervention

Participants gathered once a month at community centers to learn about oral health and nutrition while eating a “munchy” textured lunch containing proper nutrition.

Measurements

Oral frailty, frailty, and eating behavior were evaluated with the Oral Frailty Index-8 (OFI-8), Kihon checklist (KCL), and CAMCAM checklist, respectively. Participants were divided into Oral frailty (OF) and Robust groups according to OFI-8 scores. The differences in KCL and CAMCAM checklist results between the OF and Robust groups were statistically tested along with changes in scores after the program.

Results

KCL and CAMCAM checklist scores were significantly lower in the OF group at the initial assessment. OFI-8 and KCL findings were significantly improved in the OF group after completing the program (all P <0.05). Regarding the CAMCAM checklist, awareness of chewing improved significantly in the Robust group (P=0.009), with a similar tendency in the OF group (P=0.080).

Conclusion

The findings of this pilot study suggest that the CAMCAM program may improve both oral and systemic frailty in addition to attitudes towards chewing, oral health, and meals, especially in individuals with oral frailty. The CAMCAM program merits expansion as a community-based frailty prevention program.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank Ms. Otsuka of Nagano Senior Colleges and Ms. Matsumura of Toyoake city for management of the program. This work was supported by the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) program SICORP (grant number JPMJSC1813), Japan.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oral Health Sciences for Community Welfare, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan

    R. Hidaka & Koichiro Matsuo

  2. Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Biology, Institute for Oral Science, Matsumoto Dental University, Tokyo, Japan

    Y. Masuda

  3. Food Care Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan

    K. Ogawa

  4. Institute of Gerontology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

    T. Tanaka & K. Iijima

  5. Department of Digital Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan

    M. Kanazawa

  6. Faculty of Engineering, Information and Systems, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan

    K. Suzuki

  7. RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Gothenburg, Sweden

    M. Stading

  8. Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden

    M. Stading

  9. Institute for Future Initiatives, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

    K. Iijima

Authors
  1. R. Hidaka
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  2. Y. Masuda
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  3. K. Ogawa
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  4. T. Tanaka
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  5. M. Kanazawa
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  6. K. Suzuki
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  9. Koichiro Matsuo
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Contributions

Study design and conceptualization: Koichiro Matsuo, Yuji Masuda, Manabu Kanazawa, Mats Stading, Katsuya Iijima. Statistical analysis: Koichiro Matsuo, Rena Hidaka. Interpretation of data: Koichiro Matsuo, Rena Hidaka, Yuji Masuda. Drafting and revision of manuscript: Koichiro Matsuo, Rena Hidaka. Review of manuscript: All authors approved the final version of the manuscript.

Ethics declarations

All participants provided written informed consent prior to enrollment in this study. The protocol of this investigation was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Tokyo Medical and Dental University (D2021-004) and Matsumoto Dental University (approval ID: 327).

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Conflict of interest

The authors have no financial or other kinds of personal conflicts to declare in relation to this work. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare regarding this work.

Financial support

This study was partly supported by the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) program SICORP (grant number: JPMJSC1813).

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Hidaka, R., Masuda, Y., Ogawa, K. et al. Impact of the Comprehensive Awareness Modification of Mouth, Chewing and Meal (CAMCAM) Program on the Attitude and Behavior Towards Oral Health and Eating Habits as Well as the Condition of Oral Frailty: A Pilot Study. J Nutr Health Aging 27, 340–347 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-023-1913-1

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