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Screening for malnutrition in community dwelling older Japanese: Preliminary development and evaluation of the Japanese Nutritional Risk Screening Tool (NRST)

  • Published:
The journal of nutrition, health & aging

Abstract

Background

Early and effective screening for age-related malnutrition is an essential part of providing optimal nutritional care to older populations.

Objective

This study was performed to evaluate the adaptation of the original SCREEN II questionnaire (Seniors in the Community: Risk Evaluation for Eating and Nutrition, version II) for use in Japan by examining its measurement properties and ability to predict nutritional risk and sarcopenia in community-dwelling older Japanese people. The ultimate objective of this preliminary validation study is to develop a license granted full Japanese version of the SCREEN II.

Participants

The measurement properties and predictive validity of the NRST were examined in this cross-sectional study of 1921 community-dwelling older Japanese people.

Measurements

Assessments included medical history, and anthropometric and serum albumin measurements. Questions on dietary habits that corresponded to the original SCREEN II were applied to Nutritional Risk Screening Tool (NRST) scoring system. Nutritional risk was assessed by the Geriatric Nutrition Risk Index (GNRI) and the short form of the Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA-SF). Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the criteria of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People.

Results

The nutritional risk prevalences determined by the GNRI and MNA-SF were 5.6% and 34.7%, respectively. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 13.3%. Mean NRST scores were significantly lower in the nutritionally at-risk than in the well-nourished groups. Concurrent validity analysis showed significant correlations between NRST scores and both nutritional risk parameters (GNRI or MNA-SF) and sarcopenia. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) of NRST for the prediction of nutritional risk were 0.635 and 0.584 as assessed by GNRI and MNA-SF, respectively. AUCs for the prediction of sarcopenia were 0.602 (NRST), 0.655 (age-integrated NRST), and 0.676 (age and BMI-integrated NRST).

Conclusions

These results indicate that the NRST is a promising screening tool for the prediction of malnutrition and sarcopenia in community-dwelling older Japanese people. Further development of a full Japanese version of the SCREEN II is indicated.

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Abbreviations

NRST:

Nutritional risk screening tool

GNRI:

Geriatric nutrition risk index

MNA-SF:

short form of the Mini-Nutritional Assessment

SCREEN II:

Seniors in the Community: Risk Evaluation for Eating and Nutrition, version II

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Section of Nutritional Care and Management, Department of Nutritional Education, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, 162-8636, Tokyo, Japan

    N. C. Htun & Kazuko Ishikawa-Takata

  2. Institute of Gerontology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

    A. Kuroda, T. Tanaka & K. Iijima

  3. Division of Clinical Oral Rehabilitation, The Nippon Dental University Graduate School of Life Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan

    T. Kikutani

  4. Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan

    S. P. Obuchi & H. Hirano

Authors
  1. N. C. Htun
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  2. Kazuko Ishikawa-Takata
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  3. A. Kuroda
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  4. T. Tanaka
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Correspondence to Kazuko Ishikawa-Takata.

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Htun, N.C., Ishikawa-Takata, K., Kuroda, A. et al. Screening for malnutrition in community dwelling older Japanese: Preliminary development and evaluation of the Japanese Nutritional Risk Screening Tool (NRST). J Nutr Health Aging 20, 114–120 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-015-0555-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12603-015-0555-3

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