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Inhibiting shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides by double metal selenides for high-performance lithium–sulfur batteries

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Abstract

Lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) have attracted the attention of more and more researchers due to the advantages of high energy density, environmental friendliness, and low production cost. However, the low electronic conductivity of active material and shuttling effect of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) limit the commercial development of LSBs. To solve these problems, we design a core–shell composite with nitrogen-doped carbon (NC) and two types of selenides (FeSe2-NC@ZnSe-NC). The FeSe2-NC@ZnSe-NC has a strong adsorption capacity, and can effectively adsorb LiPSs. At the same time, it also effectively alleviates the shuttling effect of LiPSs, and improves the utilization of the active substance during the charge/discharge reaction processes. The mechanism involved in FeSe2-NC@ZnSe-NC is demonstrated by both experiments and density-functional theory (DFT) calculations. The electrochemical test results indicate that LSB with S/FeSe2-NC@ZnSe-NC delivers an initial discharge capacity of 1260 mAh·g−1 at 0.2C. And after 500 cycles at 1C, the capacity decay rate per cycle is 0.031%, and the capacity retention rate is 85%. The FeSe2-NC@ZnSe-NC core–shell structure verifies a rational strategy to construct an electrode material for high-performance LSBs.

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摘要

锂硫电池以其能量密度高、环境友好、生产成本低等优点受到越来越多研究者的关注。然而，活性物质的低电导率和多硫化锂的穿梭效应限制了多硫化锂的商业化发展。为了解决这些问题，我们设计了一种含有氮碳掺杂和两种硒化物的核壳复合材料(FeSe2-NC@ZnSe-NC)。FeSe2-NC@ZnSe-NC吸附能力强，能有效吸附多硫化锂。同时也有效缓解了多硫化锂的穿梭效应，提高了充放电反应过程中活性物质的利用率。通过实验和密度泛函理论计算，证明了FeSe2-NC@ZnSe-NC所涉及的机制。电化学测试结果表明，具有S/FeSe2-NC@ZnSe-NC的锂硫电池在0.2C下的初始放电容量为1260 mAh·g−1。在1C下循环500次后，每个循环的容量衰减率为0.031%，容量保持率为85%。FeSe2-NC@ZnSe-NC核壳结构验证了构建高性能锂硫电池电极材料的合理策略。

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52130101) and the Project of Science and Technology Development Plan of Jilin Province in China (Nos. 20210402058GH and 20220201114GX).

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  1. Lei Li, Xue-Jing Yang and Yi-Yang Li have contributed equally to this work.

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  1. Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education, and College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, China

    Lei Li, Xue-Jing Yang, Yi-Yang Li, Bo Jin, Hui Liu, Meng-Yang Cui, Dong-Bo Guan, Xing-You Lang & Qing Jiang

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Li, L., Yang, XJ., Li, YY. et al. Inhibiting shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides by double metal selenides for high-performance lithium–sulfur batteries. Rare Met. 43, 2546–2559 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-024-02616-w

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