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Synthesis and electromagnetic wave absorption properties of Gd-Co ferrite@carbon core–shell structure composites

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Abstract

Developing high-performance electromagnetic absorbing materials remains a challenge. In this work, Gd-Co ferrite@carbon core–shell structure composites were synthesized by a two-step hydrothermal method. The effects of rare earth Gd doping amount on the microstructure and electromagnetic wave absorption properties of cobalt ferrite@carbon composites were mainly studied. The results show that an appropriate amount of Gd doping can refine the crystal grain size of cobalt ferrite@carbon composites. However, when the doping amount of Gd exceeds the solid solubility threshold, the secondary phase GdFeO3 will be generated and the grain size will increase. When the doping amount of Gd is x = 0.04, the reflection loss (RL) of the CoFe1.96Gd0.04O4@C composites reaches the minimum value of − 9.26 dB at the absorption layer thickness of 2.0 mm and a frequency of 13.67 GHz, and the effective absorption band (EAB) is 5.01 GHz (10.95–15.96 GHz). Compared with the CoFe2O4@C composites, the RL of the CoFe1.96Gd0.04O4@C composites is increased by 79.35%, and the EAB is broadened by 3.51%. Gd ions enhance the dielectric loss through the grain size effect, and the increase of magnetocrystalline anisotropy enhances the magnetic loss. The CoFe1.96Gd0.04O4@C composites have excellent impedance matching, which relies on the strong magnetic loss of ferrite, the interface polarization, and dipole polarization formed by the carbon shell to attenuate electromagnetic waves.

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摘要

开发高性能电磁波吸收材料仍然是一项挑战。在本工作中，通过两步水热法合成了Gd-Co铁氧体@碳核壳结构复合材料。重点研究了稀土离子Gd掺杂量对Gd-Co铁氧体@碳复合材料微观结构和电磁波吸收性能的影响。结果表明，适量的Gd离子掺杂可以细化Gd-Co铁氧体@碳复合材料的晶粒尺寸。但是，当Gd离子掺杂量超过固溶度阈值时，会产生二次相GdFeO3，并增大晶粒尺寸。当Gd离子的掺杂量x=0.04时，CoFe1.96Gd0.04O4@C复合材料的反射损耗值在吸收层厚度为2.0 mm，频率为13.67 GHz处达到最小值为‒39.26 dB，有效吸收频带为5.01 GHz（10.95‒15.96 GHz）。相比于CoFe2O4@C复合材料，CoFe1.96Gd0.04O4@C复合材料的反射损耗提升了79.35%，有效吸收频带拓宽了3.51%。Gd离子通过晶粒尺寸效应强化了介电损耗，磁晶各向异性的增大强化了磁损耗。CoFe1.96Gd0.04O4@C复合材料具有优异的阻抗匹配，依靠铁氧体强烈的磁损耗和碳壳形成的界面极化和偶极极化衰减电磁波。

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Acknowledgements

This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51372108).

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  1. School of Mining, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, 123000, China

    Jing Gao, Zhi-Jun Ma, Fu-Li Liu & Xing-Yuan Weng

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Gao, J., Ma, ZJ., Liu, FL. et al. Synthesis and electromagnetic wave absorption properties of Gd-Co ferrite@carbon core–shell structure composites. Rare Met. 42, 254–262 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-022-02123-w

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