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Ultra-stable carbon-coated sodium vanadium phosphate as cathode material for sodium-ion battery

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Abstract

Based on the excellent sodium ion mobility of sodium superionic conductor structures, Na3V2(PO4)3 materials have become promising cathode materials in sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). However, inadequate electronic transport of Na3V2(PO4)3 limits the cycling stability and rate performances in SIBs. In this work, high-performance conductive carbon-coated Na3V2(PO4)3 materials are obtained via a simple and facile ball-milling assisted solid-state method by utilizing citric acid as carbon sources. The carbon-coated composite electrodes display a high initial specific capacity of 111.6 mAh·g−1, and the specific capacity could retention reach 92.83% after 100 cycles at 1C with the high coulombic efficiency (99.95%). More importantly, the capacity of conductive carbon-coated nano-sized Na3V2(PO4)3 can remain 48.5 mAh·g−1 at 10C after 3000 cycles (initial capacity of 101.2 mAh·g−1). At the same time, high coulombic efficiency (near 100%) has little decay even at a high rate of 20C during 1000 cycles, demonstrating the excellent cycling stability and remarkable rate performances, and showing potential in large-scale productions and applications.

摘要

基于钠超离子导体结构的优异钠离子迁移速率, Na3V2(PO4)3材料已成为钠离子电池 (SIBs) 中极有发展前景的正极材料。然而, Na3V2(PO4)3的导电性不佳会限制钠离子电池的循环稳定性和速率性能。在这项工作中, 利用柠檬酸作为碳源, 通过一种简单而又容易的球磨辅助固相法, 制备了高性能导电碳包覆的Na3V2(PO4)3材料。碳包覆复合电极的初始比容量高, 为111.6 mAh•g-1。在1C的电流密度下, 循环100次后, 容量保持率达到92.83%, 库仑效率高达99.95%。更重要的是, 在10C下经过3000次循环后, 导电碳涂覆纳米级Na3V2(PO4)3的容量仍可保持48.5 mAh•g-1 (初始容量为101.2 mAh•g-1)。同时, 即使在20C的高倍率下循环1000次, 高库仑效率 (接近100%) 也几乎没有衰减, 证明该材料具有优异的循环稳定性和出色的倍率性能, 并在大规模生产和应用中展现出潜力。

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2017YFB0102000), Major Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51890865) and the State Key Program of National Natural Science of China (No. 61835014).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Crystal Materials, Institute of Functional Crystal, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China

    Di Wang & Zhen Long

  2. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China

    Peng Cai, Guo-Qiang Zou, Hong-Shuai Hou, Xiao-Bo Ji & Ye Tian

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  1. Di Wang
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  2. Peng Cai
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  3. Guo-Qiang Zou
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Correspondence to Xiao-Bo Ji, Ye Tian or Zhen Long.

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Wang, D., Cai, P., Zou, GQ. et al. Ultra-stable carbon-coated sodium vanadium phosphate as cathode material for sodium-ion battery. Rare Met. 41, 115–124 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-021-01743-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-021-01743-y

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