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Porous silicon modified as an ultrasensitive gas sensor via laser ablation

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Abstract

In the current study, the laser ablation technique (1 Hz repetition rate and a fixed pulse duration of 9 ns) has used to determine which crystal can produce silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). In gas sensing applications field, AgNPs could take place in the conventional and bulkier materials. Pulsed laser ablation in the liquid phase (PLAL) is one of the effective processes of creating NPs colloids that are stable over a long term even without organic agents. In the present study, the properties of AgNPs, which are produced through nano-second laser ablation in deionized water at 532 nm, 1064 nm, and 355 nm laser wavelengths, are compared. At 1 Hz repetition rate and a fixed pulse width of 9 ns, laser ablation was conducted. Using A p-type silicon wafer, porous silicon (PS) substrate has been created by electrochemical etching (ECE). The X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and UV–Vis measurements have all been utilized in order to identify the AgNPs. This study demonstrated that the AgNPs, which were generated at 1064 nm and 532 nm, has the same size, with no discernible variations, while the size is different in the case of AgNPs at a wavelength of 355 nm a significant size difference can be seen. Moreover, it was concluded that the noble metal is more obviously impacted by the laser’s wavelengths, as well as, AgNPs have different crystalline forms at 532 nm, 355 nm, and 1064 nm, respectively. The recovery time, sensitivity, and reaction time regarding NO2 and NH3 gas sensors, which were built from prepared samples, have all been impacted by the change in the operation temperature. The maximum sensitivity was 34% in Ag-355/PS of NH3 gas 11.03 ppm and 24% of NO2 gas 20.26 ppm to each of the tested gases at ambient temperature. The results showed that AgNPs made by PLAL have improved their sensing properties, and Ag nanocolloidal synthesized at 355nm wavelength was displayed good sensitivity action to NH3 and NO2 gases.

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  1. Al-Nahrain University, Al-Nahrain Renewable Energy Research Center, Baghdad, Iraq

    Wijdan Thamer Fzaa

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  1. Wijdan Thamer Fzaa
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W.T.F. contributed to conceptualization, preparation samples, writing—original draft, visualization, investigation, analysis, validation, methodology, reviewing and editing.

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Correspondence to Wijdan Thamer Fzaa.

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Fzaa, W.T. Porous silicon modified as an ultrasensitive gas sensor via laser ablation. J Opt (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12596-023-01371-y

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