Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Groundwater Flow Modeling Study to Assess the Sustainability of Groundwater Resource in and Around Bemetara Block, Chhattisgarh, India

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Journal of the Geological Society of India

Abstract

The use of the groundwater flow model is prevalent in the field of hydrogeology. The models have been used to address a variety of hydrogeological conditions including flow and transport of contaminants for risk evaluation. In the present study, a transient groundwater flow model for part of the Bemetara district of Chhattisgarh was developed to determine in detail the groundwater flow in the shallow and deep aquifer. The model simulates groundwater flow over an area of about 588 sq. km with a uniform grid size of 500 m by 500 m and contains two layers, 53 rows, and 68 columns. The visual MODFLOW software was used in this study to simulate groundwater flow. The conceptual model was built by analyzing the hydrogeological data. Based on the available data observed from 2015 to 2018, which provide insights to understand the dynamic behavior of groundwater systems and to predict spatial-temporal distributions of groundwater levels in responding to changes in the aquifer environment. 10 observatory wells within the study area were used for observation as well as calibration purposes. With the help of hydraulic conductivities and storage coefficients, the model has been calibrated with a normalized root mean squared of 7.477 % for steady-state & transient state NRMS is 9.242 %. The model has been forecasted for 2190 days up to the year 2024, suggests the depletion of the water table with an average annual fall of about 50cm, which indicates the overall projected depletion of the water table by 2024 will be 2.5–4 meters in different place of the study area. To mitigate this hazardous condition 15% reduction in the pumping of groundwater and the establishment of a total of four recharge wells has been suggested.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Akter, A. and Ahmed, S. (2021) Modeling of groundwater level changes in an urban area. Sustain. Water Resour. Manag., v.7(7). doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40899-020-00480-x.

  • Arunangshu Mukherjee, Ranjan Kumar Ray, Dinesh Tewari, Vijay Kumar Ingle, Bikram Kumar Sahoo and Khan, M.W.Y. (2014) Revisiting the stratigraphy of the Mesoproterozoic Chhattisgarh Supergroup, Bastar craton, India based on subsurface litho information. Jour. Earth Syst. Sci., v.123, pp.617–632.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, P. L., Guerin, M., Hankin, S.I. and Lowson, R.T. (1998) Uranium and other contaminant migration in groundwater at a tropical Australian Uranium Mine. Jour. Contam. Hydrol., v.35(1), pp.295–303.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Census (2011) Chhattisgarh.Government of India, Ministry of Home Affairs. CGWB (2014) Central Ground Water Board, NCCR Raipur. State Hydrogeological Report Chhattisgarh. Govt. of India.

  • CGWB (2016–17) Groundwater year book Chhattisgarh Central Ground Water Board 7, 82.

    Google Scholar 

  • D’Affonseca, F.M., Finkel, M. and Cirpka, O.A. (2020) Combining implicit geological modeling, field surveys, and hydrogeological modeling to describe groundwater flow in a karst aquifer. Hydrogeol. Jour., v.28, pp.2779–2802. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-020-02220-z.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Doherty, J., Brebber, L. and Whyte, P. (1994) PEST: Model-independent parameter estimation. User’s manual. Watermark Computing, Corinda, Australia.

    Google Scholar 

  • GEC. (1997) Groundwater Resources Estimation Committee report of the groundwater resources estimation methodology. Government of India, New Delhi, pp.107.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kumar R. and Harender R.A. (2013) Mitigation of groundwater depletion hazards in India. Curr. Sci., v.104, pp.10–25.

    Google Scholar 

  • McDonald, M.G. and Harbaugh, A.W. (1988) A modular three-dimensional finite-difference ground-water flow model.USGS 6A, pp.89.

  • Nayak, P.C., Vijaya Kumar, S.V. and Rao, P.R.S. (2017) Recharge source identification using isotope analysis and groundwater flow modeling for Puri city in India. Appl. Water Sci., v.7, pp.3583–3598. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-016-0497-x.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rejani, R., Jha, M.K., Panda, S.N. & Mull, R. (2007) Simulation Modelling for Efficient Groundwater Management in Balasore Coastal Basin, India. Water Resour. Manage., v.22, pp.23–50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sathe, S.S. and Mahanta, C. (2019) Groundwater flow and arsenic contamination transport modeling for a multi aquifer terrain: Assessment and mitigation strategies. Jour. Environ. Manage., v.213, pp.166–181.

    Google Scholar 

  • Saber Farhadia et al. (2016) An agent-based-nash modeling framework for sustainablegroundwater management: A case study. Agric. Water. Manag., v.177, pp.348–358.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sahoo, S. and Jha, M.K. (2017) Numerical groundwater-flow modeling to evaluate potential effects of pumping and recharge: implications for sustainable groundwater management in the Mahanadi delta region, India. Hydrogeol. Jour., v.25, pp.2489–2511. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-017-1610-4.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Senthilkumar, M. and Elango, L. (2004) Three-dimensional mathematical model to simulate groundwater flow in the lower Palar River basin, Southern India. Hydrogeol. Jour., v.12(4), pp.197–208. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-003-0294-0.

    Google Scholar 

  • Siva Prasad, Y., Venkateswara Rao, B. and Surinaidu, L. (2020) Groundwater flow modeling and prognostics of Kandivalasa river sub-basin, Andhra Pradesh, India. Environ Dev Sustain., v.23, pp.1823–1843. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-020-00653-w.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vetrimurugan, E., Senthilkumar, M. and Elango, L. (2017) Solute transport modelling for assessing the duration of river flow to improve the groundwater quality in an intensively irrigated deltaic region., Internat. Jour. Environ. Sci. Tech., v.14, pp.1055–1070, doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-016-1211-0.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yehia, M.M., Monem, M., Mansour, N. M., and El-Fakharany, M. A. (2013) Using Modflow and MT3D Groundwater Flow and Transport Models as a Management Tool for the Quaternary aquifer, East Nile Delta, Egypt. Internat. Jour. Sci. Comm. Humanit., v.1(5), pp.219–233.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Applied Geology, National Institute of Technology, Raipur GE Road, Raipur, 492 010, India

    M. Gobinath, Suvendu Kumar Sahu & D. C. Jhariya

  2. Science and Engineering Research Board, DST, Ministry of Science and Technology, Govt of India), New Delhi, 110 070, India

    Prahlad Ram

Authors
  1. M. Gobinath
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Suvendu Kumar Sahu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Prahlad Ram
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. D. C. Jhariya
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to D. C. Jhariya.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Gobinath, M., Sahu, S.K., Ram, P. et al. Groundwater Flow Modeling Study to Assess the Sustainability of Groundwater Resource in and Around Bemetara Block, Chhattisgarh, India. J Geol Soc India 98, 712–719 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12594-022-2048-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12594-022-2048-4

Search

Navigation