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A gender perspective on the impact of flood on the food security of households in rural communities of Anambra state, Nigeria

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Abstract

This research examined gender perspectives of the implications of the severe 2012 flood on household food security in rural Anambra state, Nigeria. Two hundred and forty flood-affected migrant households, made up of 120 male-headed households (MHHs) and 120 female-headed households (FHHs) in four rural local government areas (LGAs) were interviewed using a questionnaire. In addition, 12 focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted in the LGAs. Data analysis was by descriptive statistics, use of a food security index, and binary logistic regression. Before the flood, 89% of FHHs and 84% of MHHs reported they had been food secure, but after the flood only 34% of MHHs and 22% of FHHs remained food secure. The regression results identified higher incomes, marital status, and larger household sizes as significant predictors of food security for both MHHs and FHHs after the flood. Engagement in other occupations apart from farming and severity of damage from the flood prior to migration were the most important factors that predicted the food security status of MHHs after the flood, while an increase in the age of household head and higher levels of education were significant predictors of food security among FHHs after the flood. These results show that the diversification of income away from a reliance on agriculture, early warning systems for disasters, and improvement in the educational status of women could help households to remain food secure after future floods in Nigeria.

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  1. 1 USD =165 Nigerian Naira (N)

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the International Foundation for Science (IFS), Stockholm, Sweden, through a grant to Chukwuedozie Kelechukwu Ajaero. I acknowledge the inputs of Prof Anthonia Achike of the Department of Agricultural Economics, Dr. Chidi Nzeadibe of the Department of Geography, and Dr. Chidi Ugwu of the Department of Sociology and Anthropology, all of the University of Nigeria Nsukka in the design, assessment, and validation of the questionnaire and FGD guide used in this study.

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  1. Department of Geography, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nsukka, Nigeria

    Chukwuedozie K. Ajaero

  2. Demography and Population Studies Programme, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

    Chukwuedozie K. Ajaero

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Correspondence to Chukwuedozie K. Ajaero.

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Ajaero, C.K. A gender perspective on the impact of flood on the food security of households in rural communities of Anambra state, Nigeria. Food Sec. 9, 685–695 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-017-0695-x

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