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Differentiated predation risk on hatchery-reared juvenile masu salmon by white-spotted charr with different body sizes

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Abstract

Predation after release is one of the major concerns of hatchery fish propagation. However, size-specific interaction between predator and prey on the survival of hatchery-released salmonid fish is largely unknown. To understand the size-selective predation risk, 24-h predation experiments were conducted on masu salmon Oncorhynchus masou in tanks. Four ranges of fork length (FL) were examined for masu salmon as a prey, in combination with three ranges of FL for white-spotted charr Salvelinus leucomaenis as a predator. The results show that not only predator and prey sizes, but also interaction between prey size and predator size, strongly affected the survival rate of masu salmon. Predation on masu salmon with the FL exceeding 40% of the FL of white-spotted charr was rare in the experiment. A logistic regression suggests that 37% relative FL of masu salmon to white-spotted charr results in the 50% survival of masu salmon. Our results suggest that adjusting relative size of hatchery fish to the size of local fish predators at the time of hatchery release will have a significant impact on the survival of hatchery fish in the wild. From this perspective, site-specific, adaptive management might be important to improve the effectiveness of hatchery fish propagation.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by a grant-in-aid from the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Japan and JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 26292102. We would like to thank K. Muto, H. Nakamura and M. Murakami of the NRIFS for their help with the care of the fish. S. Yamamoto and J. Tsuboi also of the NRIFS helped us with data provision and valuable advice. We are grateful to T. Squires of Hokkaido University and S. Jones for critically reading the manuscript and providing valuable comments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Center for Freshwater Fisheries, National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Nikko, Tochigi, 321-1661, Japan

    Kouta Miyamoto

  2. Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8589, Japan

    Kouta Miyamoto

  3. Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8589, Japan

    Hitoshi Araki

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  1. Kouta Miyamoto
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Correspondence to Kouta Miyamoto.

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Miyamoto, K., Araki, H. Differentiated predation risk on hatchery-reared juvenile masu salmon by white-spotted charr with different body sizes. Fish Sci 83, 245–250 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12562-016-1059-8

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