Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are noteworthy, as they reinforce the metallic matrix, due to mechanical properties, such as the ~ 1.0 TPa Young module. To improve the maintenance of the commercially pure aluminum surface, multi-walled carbon nanotubes were incorporated into the aluminum surface with heat treatment by solid solubilization, in order to improve the surface properties of aluminum. The aluminum samples were chemically attacked for 30, 60 and 120 s and placed in a container with CNTs, being subjected to a temperature of 640 °C for 1 h. Then, the roughness was evaluated by a roughness meter for morphology in the scanning electron microscopy. An intensity of aggregation of CNTs was evaluated by XRD, and the Raman Spectra has evaluated the transfer of charge to the matrix. Microhardness was performed to evaluate the influence of the incorporation of CNTs in the matrix. The results obtained show that the incorporation of CNTs in the aluminum matrix increases the hardness in approximately 20% of the surface, in comparison with the control sample. The process of incorporating CNTs into the aluminum matrix by solubilization is a promising, simple and inexpensive alternative to improve the durability of the aluminum surface.
Graphic Abstract
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Caracteristicas Quimicas e Físicas do Alumínio (Associação Brasileira do Alumínio, 2015), https://www.abal.org.br/aluminio/caracteristicas-quimicas-e-fisicas. Accessed 14 April 2020
N. Islam, K. Miyazaki, Technol. Forecast. Soc. Chang. 76, 128–140 (2009)
M.D. Mehta, Technology society (Bulletin of Science). 22, 269–273 (2002)
K.U. Kainer, Metal Matrix Nanocomposites: Custom-Made Materials for Automative and Aerospace Engineering (WIlley, Weinheim, 2006)
S.R. Bakshi, D. Lahiri, A. Agarwal, Int. Mater. Rev. 55(1), 41–64 (2010)
R. Pérez-Bustamante, I. Estrada-Guel, L. Antúnez-Flores, M. Miki-Yoshida, P.J. Ferreira, R. Martínez-Sánchez, J. Alloy. Compd. 450(1–2), 323–326 (2008)
C.L. Xu, B.Q. Wei, R.Z. Ma, J. Liang, X.K. Ma, D.H. Wu, Carbon 37, 855–858 (1999)
T. Kuzumaki, K. Miyazawa, H. Ichinose, K. Ito, J. Mater. Res. 13(9), 2445–2449 (1998)
R. George, K.T. Kashyap, R. Rahul, S. Yamdagni, Scr. Mater. 53(10), 1159–1163 (2005)
A.M.K. Esawi, M.A. El Borady, Compos. Sci. Technol. 68(2), 486–492 (2008)
X. Lei, T. Natsuki, J. Shi, Q.Q. Ni, J. Nanomater. 9, 140 (2011)
S. Simões, F. Viana, M.A.L. Reis, M.F.G. Vieira, Compos. Struct. 108, 992–1000 (2014)
T. Nochaiya, A. Chaipanich, Appl. Surf. Sci. 257, 1941–1945 (2011)
T. Laha, Y. Liu, A. Agarwal, J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 7, 515–524 (2007)
J. Liao, M.-J. Tan, Powder Technol. 208, 42–48 (2011)
M.C. Paiva, J.F. Mano, Carbon 42(14), 2849–2854 (2004)
S. Simões, F. Viana, M.A.L. Reis, M.F.G. Vieira, Compos. Struct. 126, 114–122 (2015)
R. George, K.T. Kashyap, R. Rahul, S. Yamdagni, Scripta Mater. 53(10), 1159–1163 (2005)
H. Kwon, D.H. Park, J.F. Silvain, A. Kawasaki, Compos. Sci. Technol. 70(3), 546–550 (2010)
S. Simões, F. Viana, M.A.L. Reis, M.F.G. Vieira, Metals 7, 279 (2017)
M.A.L. Reis, S. Simões, J.D. Nero, F. Viana, M.F.G. Vieira, CNT-aluminum metal matrix nanocomposites, in Proceedings ECCM15-15Th European Conference On Composite Materials, Venice, Italy, 24-28 June 2012
F.A.S. Rodrigues, W. Paraguassu, S. Simões, M.F.G. Vieira, J.A.S. Souza, E.M. Braga, M.A.L. Reis, Journal of Nanoscienceand. Nanotechnology. 16, 1–5 (2016)
R.E. Johnsen, F. Krumeich, P. Norby, J. Appl. Crystallogr. 43, 434–447 (2010)
M.A.L. Reis, N.M.B. Neto, M.E.S. Sousa, P.T. Araujo, S. Simões, M.F. Vieira, F. Viana, C.R.L. Loayza, D.J.A. Borges, D.C.S. Cardoso, P.D.C. Assunção, E.M. Braga, AIP Adv. 8, 015323 (2018)
G. Louarn, M. Trznadel, J.P. Buisson, J. Laska, A. Pron, M. Lapkowski, S. Lefrant, J. Phys. Chem. 100, 12532–12539 (1996)
F. Herziger, C. Tyborski, O. Ochedowski, M. Schleberger, J. Maultzsch. Phys. Rev. B 90, 245431 (2014)
S.L.H. Rebelo, A. Guedes, M.E. Szefcyk, A.M. Pereira, J.P. Araújo, C. Freire, Phys. Chem. 18, 12784 (2016)
S.A. Solin, N. Caswell, J. Raman Spectrosc. 10, 129–135 (1981)
S.D.M. Brown, M.S. Dresselhaus, G. Dresselhaus, R. Saito, K. Kneipp, Phys. Rev. B 63, 155414 (2001)
P.T. Araújo, N.M. Barbosa, M.E.S. Sousa, R.S. Angélica, S. Simões, M.F.G. Vieira, M.S. Dresselhaus, M.A.L. Reis, Carbon 124, 348–356 (2017)
G. Keru, P.G. Ndungu, G.T. Mola, V.O. Nyamori, Materials 8(5), 2415 (2015)
M.A. Pimenta, G. Dresselhaus, M.S. Dresselhaus, L.G. Cançado, A. Jorio, R. Saito, Phys. Chem. 9, 1276–1291 (2007)
M.S. Dresselhaus, G. Dresselhaus, R. SAITO, A. Jorio, Phys. Rep. 409, 47–99 (2005)
A. Jorio, Nanotechnol. 2012, 1–16 (2012)
J. Liao, T. Ming-Jen, V. Raju, S.S. Ramanujan, Mater. Sci. Forum 690, 294–297 (2011)
C. Thomsen, S. Reich, H. Jantoljak, I. Loa, K. Syassen, M. Burghard, G.S. Duesberg, S. Roth, Appl. Phys. A 69, 309 (1999)
P.V. Teredesai, A.K. Sood, D.V.S. Muthu, R. Sen, A. Govindaraj, C.N.R. Rao, Chem. Phys. Lett. 319, 296 (2000)
R. Kumar, S.B. Cronin, Phys. Rev. B 75, 155421 (2007)
T.M.G. Mohiuddin, A. Lombardo, R.R. Nair, A. Bonetti, G. Savini, R. Jalil, N. Marzari, K.S. Novoselov, A.K. Geim, A.C. Ferrari, Phys. Rev. B 79, 205433 (2009)
A.L. Aguiar, E.B. Barros, R.B. Capaz, A.G. Souza-Filho, P.T.C. Freire, J.M. Filho, D. Machon, C. Caillier, Y.A. Kim, H. Muramatsu, M. Endo, A. San-Miguel, J. Phys. Chem. C 115, 5378 (2011)
X. Zhao, Y. Ando, L.C. Qin, H. Kataura, Y. Maniwa, R. Saito, Appl. Phys. Lett. 81, 2550 (2002)
V. Mennella, G. Monaco, L. Colangeli, E. Bussoletti, Carbon 33, 115–121 (1995)
R.J. Nemanich, S.A. Solin, J. Phys. Rev. B 20, 392–401 (1979)
M. Lazzeri, F. Mauri, J. Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 266407 (2006)
A. Das, B. Chakraborty, S. Piscanec, S. Pisana, A.K. Sood, A.C. Ferrari, Phys. Rev. B 79, 155417 (2009)
L. Pietronero, S. Strassler, J. Phys. Rev. Lett. 47, 593–596 (1981)
Acknowledgements
The authors thank the UFPA Mineral Characterization Laboratory (LCM/UFPA) for supporting the XRD analysis and the UFPA High Pressure Vibrational Spectroscopy Laboratory (PPGF/UFPA) for conducting the Raman spectroscopy analysis.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Brito, P.R.O., Loayza, C.R.L., Sousa, M.E.S. et al. Cast Aluminum Surface Reinforced with Carbon Nanotube via Solubilization Treatment. Met. Mater. Int. 28, 802–810 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-020-00914-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-020-00914-3