Abstract
The crystal structures and dielectric properties of Sm-doped BaTiO3 have been studied in terms of synthesized method. (Ba1−xSmx)TiO3 samples were prepared using the liquid mix method and solid state reaction. The lattice constants of (Ba1−xSmx)TiO3 system by the liquid-mix method steadily decreased with increasing Sm content. Curie temperature (Tc) moved to lower temperatures as the Sm content increased. In (Ba1−xSmx)TiO3 system by the solid state reaction, the crystal structure of (Ba1−xSmx)TiO3 switches to pseudo-cubic and the lattice constant increased with increasing Sm contents. The conventional mixing of starting powders and repeated calcinations processes did not yield the expected nominal composition, where Sm ions occupy mostly Ti sites even in the Ba deficient composition(Ba/Ti<1). The shift in Tc in this system is considerably larger than in the corresponding composition by the liquid mix method. The specimens doped with Sm<5 mol% had a substantially small grain size and with Sm>5 mol% a larger grain growth was developed.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
B. Su and T. W. Button, J. Appl. Phys. 95, 1382 (2004).
T. Hu, T. J. Price, D. M. Iddles, A. Uusimäki, and H. Jantunen, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 25, 2531 (2005).
K. Wu and W. A. Schulze, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 75, 3385 (1992).
H. Bao, L. Zhang, Y. Wang, W. F. Liu, C. Zhou, and X. Ren, Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 142903 (2007).
B. D. Stojanovic, A. Z. Simoes, C. O. Paiva-Santos, C. Jovalekic, V. V. Mitic, and J. A. Varela, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 25, 1985 (2005).
B. D. Stojanovic, J. Mater. Proc. Tech. 143–144, 78 (2003).
M. M. Vijatovic, B. D. Stojanovic, J. D. Bobic, T. Ramoska, and P. Bowen, Ceram. Int. 36, 1817 (2010).
Z. Z. Lazarevi, M. M. Vijatovi, B. D. Stojanovi, M. J. Romcevi, and N. Z. Rom cevi, J. Alloy. Compd. 494, 472 (2010).
D. M. Smyth, The Defect Chemistry of Metal Oxides, Oxford University Press, New York (2000).
H. Shizuno, S. Kusumi, H. Saito, and H. Kishi, Jpn. J. Apply. Phys. 32, 4380 (1993).
H. Kishi, Y. Mizuno, and H. Chazono, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 42, 1 (2003).
Y. Sakabe, Y. Hamaji, H. Sano, and N. Wada, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 41, 5668 (2002).
Y. Tsur, D. T. Dunbar, and A. C. Randall, J. Electroceram. 7, 25 (2001).
L. A. Xue, Y. Chen, and R. J. Brook, Mater. Sci. Eng. B 1, 193 (1988).
F. A. Kroger and H. J. Vink, J. Phys. Chem. Solid. Pergamon Press 5, 208 (1958).
J. H. Hwang and Y. H. Han, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 84, 1750 (2001).
J. Jeong, E. J. Lee, and Y. H. Han, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 44, 4047 (2005).
E. J. Lee, J. Jeong, and Y. H. Han, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 43, 8126 (2004).
M. Pechini, U. S. Patent 3,330,697 (1967).
S. K. Jo, S. H. Kang, and Y. H. Han, Met. Mater. Int. 19, 341 (2013).
R. D. Shannon and C. T. Prewitt, Acta Cryst. B 25, 925 (1969).
K. H. Härdtl and R. Wernicke, Solid State Commun. 10,153 (1972).
P. Hansen, D. Hennings, and H. Schreinemacher, J. Electroceram. 2, 85 (1998).
A. J. Moulson and J. M. Herbert, Electroceramics, 2nd ed., p.312, John Wiley & Sons, New York (2003).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Park, I.J., Han, Y.H. Effects of synthesized method on the properties of Sm-doped BaTiO3 . Met. Mater. Int. 20, 1157–1161 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-014-6021-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-014-6021-7