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Blood concentration of aminothiols in children with relapse of nephrotic syndrome

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Abstract

Background

The role of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in childhood has not been clearly elucidated. However, antioxidative defense in INS is thought to be imbalanced. This study aimed to assess the changes of plasma concentration of selected aminothiols in the blood of children with INS at various stages of the disease.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted in 125 children aged 2-18 years. The children were divided into 4 groups: group A, early relapse (n=37); group B, early remission for 4-6 weeks from the onset (n=37); group C, late steroid-free remission (n=31); and group D, long-term remission for 2-5 years (n=20). Control group (E) consisted of 30 age- and gender-matched healthy children. The study protocol comprised an analysis of plasma concentrations of glutathione, homocysteine, cysteine and cysteinylglycine by high-performance liquid chromatography. Fractions of protein-bound and free aminothiols were measured. Endothelial injury was assessed by thrombomodulin, PAI-1 concentration, and von Willebrand factor activity.

Results

The children with INS had unbalanced aminothiol metabolism only in relapse and early remission, that shifted towards increased oxidative processes. Administration of cyclosporine A caused a significant increase in homocysteine and cysteine concentration. Changes in aminothiol metabolism were significantly related to endothelial injury.

Conclusions

The findings of this study may be helpful in elucidating the pathogenesis of premature atherosclerosis in patients with INS refractory to the treatment or in the case of frequent relapse.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Nephrology, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital Research Institute, 281/289 Rzgowska St. 93-338, Łódź, Poland

    Marcin Tkaczyk

  2. Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Collegium Medicum of Jagiellonian University, Wielicka 265 30-663, Kraków, Poland

    Monika Miklaszewska

  3. Center of Medical Diagnostics, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital Research Institute of Łódź, 281/289 Rzgowska st. 93-338, Łódź, Poland

    Jolanta Lukamowicz

  4. Medical University of Łódź, al. Kościuszki 4, Łódź, Poland

    Marcin Tkaczyk & Wojciech Fendler

Authors
  1. Marcin Tkaczyk
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  2. Monika Miklaszewska
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  3. Jolanta Lukamowicz
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  4. Wojciech Fendler
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Correspondence to Marcin Tkaczyk.

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Tkaczyk, M., Miklaszewska, M., Lukamowicz, J. et al. Blood concentration of aminothiols in children with relapse of nephrotic syndrome. World J Pediatr 12, 353–359 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12519-016-0028-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12519-016-0028-8

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