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Detection of hydrothermal alteration and structural characteristics of Miocene volcanic rocks using remote sensing in the M’sirda region (northwestern Algeria)

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Abstract

Hydrothermal alteration is the origin of potential mineral deposits. It is the source of different mineralization types and areas of economic interest. Remote sensing techniques are commonly used for identifying and assessing these alterations given their advantages in mineral exploration industry. The Miocene period in western Algeria recorded several volcanic activities resulting from eruptions. The M’sirda massif is the focus of our study. It has exposed potential deposits related to Miocene-age volcanism. M’sirda Massif revealed significant Au–Ag polymetallic mineralization (Pb–Zn-Cu), hosted by andesite subvolcanic rocks, associated with a sequence of altered minerals (Quartz-Kaolinite-Alunite), Adularia-Sericite. To map the altered rocks, geologists use enhanced technologies based on georeferenced remote sensing images. Indeed, detailed and accurate mapping is possible using Landsat-8 OLI/TIRS images. In the present study, a complete hydrothermal alteration study is conducted to map the hydrothermal alteration minerals. The combination of structural geological data and remote sensing results allows the determination of a relationship between mineralization and structures. Therefore, the mineral potential of the M’sirda massifs can be identified. This mapping process is based on digital data. Our study focuses on two aspects: structural and polymetallic mineralization. It has been demonstrated that the structural lineaments represent the fault zones extracted using both filter and density line techniques. A strong correlation is seen between mineralization deposits and high fracture density zones, which are expected to be helpful in delineating higher concentration of hydrothermal deposit potential. In addition, the mapping of alteration zones was successfully classed as evidenced by the statistical method.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Metallogeny and Magmatism Laboratory, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene (USTHB), Algiers, Algeria

    Khadidja Moussaoui, Hanafi Benali & Bouchra Labdaoui

  2. Laboratory of Geomorphology and Geo-Hazards, Faculty of Earth Sciences, University of Sciences and Technology, Houari Boumedienne (USTHB), Algiers, Algeria

    Saci Kermani

Authors
  1. Khadidja Moussaoui
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  2. Hanafi Benali
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  3. Saci Kermani
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  4. Bouchra Labdaoui
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Correspondence to Khadidja Moussaoui.

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Moussaoui, K., Benali, H., Kermani, S. et al. Detection of hydrothermal alteration and structural characteristics of Miocene volcanic rocks using remote sensing in the M’sirda region (northwestern Algeria). Appl Geomat 15, 189–207 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12518-023-00496-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12518-023-00496-w

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