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Landfill site suitability analysis for solid waste disposal using SWARA and MULTIMOORA methods: a case study in Kermanshah, West of Iran

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Abstract

Selecting a landfill is one of the most pressing issues facing communities worldwide because failing to do so can have significant health, environmental, and socio-economic consequences. Therefore, research in this area can help mitigate damage. The current landfill in Kermanshah suffers from such problems as proximity to residential areas, limited spaces, and proximity to the city’s water supplies, necessitating a comprehensive study to locate and substitute an appropriate landfill site. Many methods have been used to locate landfills. Still, this descriptive study uses a multi-criteria decision method (MCDM) that includes the use of new method like weighting (SWARA), GIS, and the MULTIMOORA, which have not been used in any study in the area so far. Additionally, attempts were made to determine the most effective criteria in deciding the location of a landfill from among environmental criteria (distance to fault, distance to protected areas, distance to residential areas, distance to surface waters, groundwater depth, and geology), socio-economic criteria (distance to airport, distance to roads, distance from power lines, and land use), and morphological criteria such as direction and slope. MULTIMOORA and SWARA methods with weighted linear combination methods were utilized. Therefore, in the current study, MULTIMOORA and SWARA methods were utilized to evaluate, combine, analyze, and also integrate the selected criteria. Based on the results obtained, 97.54% of the research area was found to be unsuitable for landfilling, 0.760% was medium suitability, and only 1.70% was found to be appropriate as landfill sites. Next, 19 sites were identified as suitable alternatives. These sites were then analyzed and ranked using the MULTIMOORA method. As the results indicated, because considering the population growth rate, the A11 site with an area of more than 48 ha was suggested as the most suitable alternative for landfilling for the next 20 years since it complied well with the environmental and socio-economic concerns.

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Data availability

Due to the nature of this research, participants of this study did not agree for their data to be shared publicly, so supporting data are not available.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, for providing facilities to conduct and complete this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of the Environment, College of Basic Sciences, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran

    Somayeh Jalilian, Soheil Sobhanardakani, Mehrdad Cheraghi & Bahareh Lorestani

  2. Department of the Environment, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

    Seyed Masoud Monavari

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  1. Somayeh Jalilian
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  2. Soheil Sobhanardakani
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  3. Mehrdad Cheraghi
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  4. Seyed Masoud Monavari
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study idea and design. Material provision, data collection, and analysis were carried out by Somayeh Jalilian, Soheil Sobhan Ardakani, Mehrdad Cheraghi, Seyed Masoud Monavari, and Bahareh Lorestani. The first drafted paper was written by Soheil Sobhan Ardakani and Somayeh Jalilian, and all authors studied prior drafts of the manuscript. All authors read and authorized the final manuscript. The corresponding author makes sure that all authors have approved the manuscript before submission, which includes the names and arrangement of authors.

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Correspondence to Soheil Sobhanardakani.

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Jalilian, S., Sobhanardakani, S., Cheraghi, M. et al. Landfill site suitability analysis for solid waste disposal using SWARA and MULTIMOORA methods: a case study in Kermanshah, West of Iran. Arab J Geosci 15, 1175 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-022-10432-8

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