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Formation of quartz veins within Serginil Phyllite Group-Penjween area, Iraqi Kurdistan Region: insights from geochemical and fluid inclusion data

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Abstract

This study investigates the field-relations, petrographical, and geochemical characteristics of the quartz veins, hosted within the Cretaceous-Paleogene Serginil phyllite group, occurring in the Mlay Lexaugira area — Penjween Town, Kurdistan Region northeast of Iraq. The aim is to present a genetic interpretation of the Serginil quartz veins. The studied quartz veins exhibit distinctly uniform mineral assemblages, consisting mainly of quartz, and usually having macroscopic deformation features, including folding and boudinage.

Geochemical data show that all quartz samples have SiO2 content of 88.45–97.2 wt.%, and do not depict any marked correlation with the other contained oxides. TiO2 content of quartz in the veins is very low (and usually < 50 ppm), whereas the Fe2O3 concentration is high (average > 200 ppm), suggesting that these quartz veins were formed in a low temperature fluid. The chondrite normalized pattern of quartz veins shows variable smooth, HREEn enriched, and LREEn depleted with Eu positive anomaly and Ce negative anomaly and it is resembling to those of hydrothermal origin. Fluid inclusions data and more specific the calculated salinity suggest the circulation of hydrothermal-type fluid (possibly MVT) with homogenization temperature ranging between 140 and 219 °C. This high ToC could indicate a circulation of fluids under anchimetamorphic and epithermal conditions.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Ms. Vaya Xanthopoulou, Laboratory of Electron Microscopy and Microanalysis, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Patras, for conducting the XRF analysis. Special thanks to the Illinois State Geological Survey for doing fluid inclusion measurements.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Geology Department, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

    Tola A. Mirza

  2. Petroleum Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Soran University, Soran, 44008, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

    Namam M. Salih

  3. Scientific Research Center (SRC), Soran University, Soran, 44008, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

    Namam M. Salih

  4. Illinois State Geological Survey, Prairie Research Institute at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, 61820, USA

    Franck R. A. Delpomdor

  5. Department of Geology, University of Patras, Rio, 26504, Patras, Greece

    Stavros P. Kalaitzidis

  6. Geological Survey and Mineral Investigation of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

    Saman Gh. Rashid

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  1. Tola A. Mirza
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Correspondence to Tola A. Mirza.

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Mirza, T.A., Salih, N.M., Delpomdor, F.R.A. et al. Formation of quartz veins within Serginil Phyllite Group-Penjween area, Iraqi Kurdistan Region: insights from geochemical and fluid inclusion data. Arab J Geosci 15, 887 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-022-10143-0

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